Answered: Eukaryotic life also uses chromatin…

Eukaryotic life also uses chromatin modifications to turn transcripts on and off. We talked about PARP-1 and its ability to remodel chromatin in response to what?

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter29: Transcription And The Regulation Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20P: Chromatin decompaction is a preliminary step in gene expression (Figure 29.48). How is chromatin...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: You add a chemical to a cell that prevents all of the chromatin from uncoiling so that the…

A: Transcription is the process of formation of messenger RNA using DNA as a template and DNA dependent…

Q: Describe chromatin when the CpG islands are methylated?

A: The eukaryotic chromosome is made of half DNA and half proteins. Out of total proteins, one half is…

Q: Typically, increased acetylation and decreased methylation of histone N-terminal tails in…

A: Histone acetylation and deacetylation are the processes by which the lysine deposits inside the…

Q: Once pioneer transcription factors bind and attract chromatin remodelers, what do these chromatin…

A: The pioneer transcription factors are activators, they can associate with condensed chromatin. It…

Q: Which of the following statements most accurately represent chromatin state and transcription?

A: A quality is the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are comprised of DNA. A…

Q: Mutations in genes encoding chromatin-remodeling complexes have been identified in high frequencies…

A: A mutation is a change that occurs in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)when it is damaged or changed…

Q: Changes in chromatin packing correlate with changes in gene expression in most cells. Why do you…

A: The chromosomes resemble a mass of extremely fine tangled string called chromatin, consisting of DNA…

Q: Match the type of chromatin modification with the most likely effect on gene expression near the…

A: DNA and histone proteins, which are essential elements of the chromatin structure, are chemically…

Q: In eukaryotes which of the following combination of chromatin conditions would be most likely to…

A: Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within a nuclear membrane.Eukaryotes…

Q: scribe how the acetylation of core histones may loosen chromatin packing.

A: DNA is the genetic material is usually found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. DNA is made up…

Q: What does the statement above mean

Q: Explain the channels of the interchromatin compartments ?

A: The nucleus is the most important organelle present in the eukaryotic cells and is made up of a…

Q: What is the purpose of heterochromatin and does heterochromatin transcribed?

A: Heterochromatin is a condensed or tightly packed form of DNA that comes in multiple varieties. These…

Q: Describe constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin. Based upon this information,…

A: A nucleic acid is a linear polymer of nucleotides that carries the cell's information. DNA…

Q: structure of DNA from the level of a gene to a condensed mitotic chromosome. At each of the four…

A: Gene expression is the process in which transcription is followed by translation. In transcription…

Q: An old genetic observation is that a normally active gene will be silenced if it is moved by…

A: Histone alterations are linked to different transcription stages and functions, and epigenetic…

Q: Describe the mechanism by which histone modifications are established after DNA replication and cell…

A: Post-translational modifications - Many proteins undergo chemical modifications at. certain amino…

Q: Histones can be modified to turn genes on and off. Which type of chromatin is associated with…

A: Chromatin is a complex form of DNA molecule and Histone protein which was found in eukaryotic…

Q: Which of the following statements about "Focused transcription initiation", "Dispersed transcription…

A: Transcription is the process of conversion of the genetic sequence in the DNA of a gene to RNA…

Q: Genes are not always active in cells. The cell has evolved to edit its chromatin state in accord…

A: Chromatin is the region placed within DNA that contains DNA and proteins like histones. Chromatin…

Q: How does KU proteins promote DNA repair during mitosis? Explain.

A: DNA repair It involves different processes through which a cell determines and rectifies the damage…

Q: Which is the expected outcome following the deacetylation of histones?

A: Ans - a) Coiling of chromatin, preventing it from being accessed by the transcriptional machinery.…

Q: Why does chromatin condense during apoptosis?

A: Apoptosis is a genetically programmed phenomenon where a dying cell breaks off in many small…

Q: What effect do you predict this histone variant would have when it is inserted into chromatin?

A: Answer: Histones are the octamer protein which has been wrapped by the DNA forming strong…

Q: Describe how chromatin-remodeling complexes alter nucleosomes.

A: In order to control the gene expression, the regulatory transcription machinery proteins must access…

Q: Heterochromatin is chromatin that is very compact, containing genes that are silenced. What…

A: Chromatin is the complex of DNA, proteins, and RNA that makes up the structure of the chromosome in…

Question

Eukaryotic life also uses chromatin modifications to turn transcripts on and off. We talked about PARP-1 and its ability to remodel chromatin in response to what?

Expert Solution

Step 1: Introduction:

Chromosomes are the thread-like structures that consists of DNA in tightly packed manner within the nucleus of the cells. These helical structures are wrapped around the histone proteins and forms tight loop known as nucleosomes. These nucleosomes then coil and gets stacked together in order to form chromatin.

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Which of the following statements most accurately represent chromatin state and transcription? Group of answer choices 1.Histone deacetylases promote closed chromatin and result in repressed transcription 2.Open chromatin is associated with hypoacetylation and has high levels of transcription 3.Histone acetyltransferases result in hypoacetylation and high levels of transcription 4.Hyperacetylation is associated with closed chromatin and low levels of transcription
Changes in chromatin packing correlate with changes in gene expression in most cells. Why do you think this is the case?
Genes are not always active in cells. The cell has evolved to edit its chromatin state in accord with the energy needs of the cell and organism. What are these two kinds of chromatin called and how does chromatin modeling work in cells? Name four of the known families of chromatin remodeling complexes enzyme complexes that act directly on DNA to alter nucleosome composition in transcribed regions.
Which is the expected outcome following the deacetylation of histones? a) Coiling of chromatin, preventing it from being accessed by transcriptional machinery b) Coiling of chromatin, allowing it to be accessed by transcriptional machinery c) Uncoiling of chromatin, preventing it from being accessed by transcriptional machinery d) Uncoiling of chromatin, allowing it to be accessed by transcriptional machinery
An article entitled “Nucleosome Positioning at the Replication Fork” states: “both the ‘old’ randomly segregated nucleosomes as well as the ‘new’ assembled histone octamers rapidly position themselves (within seconds) on the newly replicated DNA strands” [Lucchini et al. (2002)]. Given this statement, how would one compare the distribution of nucleosomes and DNA in newly replicated chromatin? How could one experimentally test the distribution of nucleosomes on newly replicated chromosomes?
The term heterochromatin refers to heavily condensed regions of chromosomes that are largely devoid of genes. Since few genes exist there, these regions almost never decondense for transcription. At what point during the cell cycle would expect to observe decondensation of heterochromatic regions? Why?
please fill in the blank When the cell goes from M to GI, the number of nucleosomes on this stretch of DNA should ------, and the width of the chromatin fiber should -------. Please select one Newly made lamins should ( single peptide = SP), or (nuclear localization = NLS) or (Transit peptide =TP) or ( Transmembrane domain) or ( SP and NLS) or ( SP or TP) or (transcription activating domain) or ( None of these)
What has happened to the chromatin in the diagram? What regulatory proteins binds to what part of the DNA to make this occur? List the three parts of the DNA that became exposed in this process.
Heterochromatin is chromatin that is very compact, containing genes that are silenced. What epigenetic modifications might you find in heterochromatin?
Mutations in genes encoding chromatin-remodeling complexes have been identified in high frequencies in some human cancers. For example, mutations in components of the human SWI–SNF remodeling complex were found in 19% of tumors in a group of cancers. How might a mutation in a chromatin-remodeling complex contribute to cancer?
The picture below depicts electron micrographs of the major levels of chromatin structure. Match each of the listed conditions with the most likely levels of chromatin structure under that condition.
You add a chemical to a cell that prevents all of the chromatin from uncoiling so that the chromosomes remain highly coiled, even after the completion of mitosis. If you add a transcription factor that triggers the transcription of mRNA for the protein Pitx in this situation what would happen. Group of answer choices A)All transcription of Pitx is stopped by the transcription factor B)Nothing because the Pitx gene is already being transcribed at the maximum ratea C)Nothing, because the Pitx gene cannot be transcribed in this highly coild state D)The amount of transcription of Pitx is greatly increasedt