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- 1. using Fischer Projection, draw each for the investment phase of Glycolyse 1 G16 G6P 2) G6PF6P 3) F6P - F16bP 4) F16bP-> G3P+DHAP of the reaction 4) F16DP -> G3P + DHAP 5)DHAP-> G3 PAerobic respiration is an oxygen dependent metabolic pathway which occurs primarily in the mitochondria a. True O b. False If the numbers of drops of lemon, tomato and orange used to get the same fading of indophenol are 10, 30 and 20, then the concentration of vitamin C in these three juices can be described as the following: a. lemon more than orange which is more than tomato O b. orange more than lemon which is more than tomato Oc tomato more than lemon which is more than orange O d. none of the other choices is correct e. orange more than tomato which is more than lemon O f. lemon more than tomato which is more than orange O g. tomato more than orange which is more than lemonA. Explain the appearance of these symptoms in the positive control set-up in lieu of the importance of transpiration? B. Theoretically, how will thermoregulation of tomato plants be affected if transpiration will not occur?
- Calculate the new Km of the lactase reaction with inhibitor X.A. 0.10 mMB. 0.25 mMC. 0.50 mMD. 1.0 mME. 2.0 mM88 E. it can be used on hair and saliva. In anaerobic fermentation pyruvate is further oxidized to lactate or ethanol a. by enzymes of the mitochondrion b. with release of one more molecule of ATP c. with the generation of CO2 d. to consume excess ATP e. to convert NADH to NAD+1. You are determining the effect of pH in the metabolism of pyruvate. The pH meter you used gave an erroneous reading of pH 8 instead of the actual pH of the 0.5 M phosphate buffer equal to 10.5. What would be the possible outcome? Explain why. a. More precipitate will be observed. b. Less precipitate will be observed. c. No precipitate will be observed at all. d. Insufficient information2. The metabolism of a new species of bacteria obtained from the depths of the sea was observed in the lab using glucose and methylene blue. The results after incubation of the bacteria at different temperatures are tabulated below. Temperature Observation 10°C Dark blue 35°C Dark blue 95°C Light blue Which of the following is most likely true? Why? a. The bacteria will still actively metabolize upon storage in cold temperatures. b. The bacteria is thermophilic. c. Heat is possibly an inhibitor in its TCA cycle. d. A and C
- 8. Indicate the number of moles each of the molecules below formed from running three moles of glucose through glycolysis and Krebs cycle Moles produced from two moles of glucose running through Glycolysis Moles produced from two moles of glucose being oxidized in the PDC/Krebs Cycle Molecule Produced ATP GTP NADH + H* FADH2 CO2 D Focus United States) W DE DELL F11 F12 F8 F9 F10 F6 FZ (8)PTP1B Substrate kcat Km. kcat/Km UM 10-7 x (s-1 M) DADEPYLIPQQG DADAPYLIPQQG DAAEP YLIPQQG AAAAPYLIPQQG 44.6 + 1.8 39.8 + 0.32 3.9 + 0.9 13.7 + 0.46 1.1 + 0.25 0.29 + 0.01 35.3 + 0.22 6.6 + 0.22 0.53 + 0.02 34.7 + 0.25 52.7 + 0.7 0.066 + 0.001 ) The units for kcat/KM in the above are given according to standard scientific notation. On this (d) ( basis what is the value of this kinetic parameter for the DADEPYLIPQQG substrate?. Four electron carriers, a, b, c, and d, whose reduced and oxidized forms can be distinguished spectrophotometrically, are required for respiration in a bacterial electron-transport system. In the presence of substrates and oxygen, three different inhibitors block respiration, yielding the patterns of oxidation states shown below. What is the order of the carriers in the chain from substrates to O2, and where do the three inhibitors act?
- roblem 1An aerobic biochemical process uses a CSTR w/o recycle. The feed characteristics are asfollows: Influent substrate concentration, So = 200 mg/L; half- velocity coefficient, Ks = 50mg/L; maximum, specific substrate utilization rate, k = 5 g/g- day; yield coefficient, Y = 0.5g Xa/g substrate consumed; microorganism decay coefficient, b = 0.10 day-1.1. The process goal is the production of active biomass. Determine the hydraulicretention time that the reactor should be operated in order to maximize the reactoractive biomass concentration (Xa). How does this retention time compare with theminimum solids retention time that the system can theoretically be operated?Calculate the solids retention time safety factor.2. Based on the solids retention time for maximum Xa calculated above, estimate theactive biomass concentration (Xa) and the substrate removal efficiency (E, %)2. Below is experimental data regarding mode of inhibition of "“Enzyme K" by sucralose. This is a double- reciprocal plot of enzyme velocity (Vo) versus substrate concentration, and each line represents a series of data collected at a different sucralose concentration. This is preliminary experimental data, so for a first- approximation of the experimental data, velocity data without inhibitor present can be overlooked (ignored). 0.04 00 mM sucralose 0.035 O 2.5 mM sucralose 0.03 O 10 mM sucralose 0.025 0.02 0.015 0.01 0.005 -6 2 4 -0.005 -0.01 1/ [substrate] (mM) A) Propose a mechanism of inhibition of this enzyme by sucralose. B) Explain your reasoning to part A). 1/V. (mM1 min)6. If inhibitor X changes lactase activity to a Vo of 0.333333333333 mM per minute when [S] = 2.0 mM, and a Vo of 0.50 mM per minute when [S] = 3.33333333333 mM, calculate the new Vmax. 1.0 mM per minute 2.0 mM per minute 2.5 mM per minute 5.0 mM per minute 10.0 mM per minute 7. Calculate the new Km of the lactase reaction with inhibitor X. 1.0 mM 2.0 mM 2.5 mM 5.0 mM 10.0 mM 8. Calculate the slope on a Lineweaver-Burk plot (Km / Vmax) for the lactase reaction with inhibitor X. 1.0 per minute 2.0 per minute 2.5 per minute 5.0 per minute 10.0 per minute Inhibitor X exerts which of the following effects on the above enzyme (lactase)? uncompetitive inhibition mixed noncompetitive inhibition competitive inhibition pure noncompetitive inhibition all of the above
