• Draw out the pathway for the biosynthesis of the followingglycerophospholipid starting with dihydroxyacetone phosphate andthe component fatty acids as it occurs in the liver tissue. Show thestructures of all reactants and products, as well as the names of theenzymes. You do not need to draw the structures of ATP, NAD+, COA,etc., but do show them as reactants or products in the appropriateplaces. You do not need to show the mechanisms of the enzymes.●• What is the name of the phospholipid?OH₂C-0-H—C—0CH₂-P-OOOHH₂H₂c-c-C-OHH

the complete biosynthesis of triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids, including all the…

Answered: • Draw out the pathway for the…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Provide the structure of the REACTANTS and PRODUCTS Step Reactants/ substrates Enzyme function Product 1 Acetyl CoA and acyl-carrier protein(ACP) and Malonyl CoA and ACP Acetyl transacylase and Malonyl transacylase transfers the acyl and the malonyl moiety to the holo-ACP molecule. Acetyl ACP and CoA and Malonyl ACP and CoA 2 Acetyl ACP and Malonyl ACP acyl-malonyl ACP condensing enzyme catalyzes the condensation reaction. Acetoacetyl ACP 3 Acetoacetyl ACP beta-ketoacyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction and the NADPH is used as the reducing agent. D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. 4 D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. 9-hydroxyacyl ACP dehydratase enzyme catalyzes the dehydration reaction. Crotonyl ACP 5 Crotonyl ACP Enoyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction. Butyryl ACP 6 Butyryl ACP condensation reaction C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP 7 C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP Ketoacyl-ACP reductase catalyzed the reduction reaction C6-acyl ACP 8 Palmitoyl ACP…
…..
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● 1.) Draw out the pathway for the biosynthesis of the following glycerophospholipid starting with choline, glycerol and the component fatty acids as it occurs in the liver tissue. Show the structures of all reactants and products, as well as the names of the enzymes. You do not need to draw the structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but do show them as reactants or products in the appropriate places. You do not need to show the mechanisms of the enzymes. What is the name of the phospholipid? Us jure O • DISM 91 3.C6H3 UG OSEMSA QE F CH₂ CABJAD C-H H H₂C-O-P-0- ACELOj Pro ! H₂ C 212 32 CH3 f H3C -N-CH3
Identify at most 5 organic reactions for each metabolic pathway. Metabolic pathways: 4. Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA5.Citric acid cycle6. Gluconeogensis pathway (pyruvate to glucose)
• Draw out the pathway for the biosynthesis of the following triacylglycerol starting with dihydroxyacetone phosphate and the component fatty acids as it occurs in the adipose tissue. Show the structures of all reactants and products, as well as the names of the enzymes. You do not need to draw the structures of ATP, NAD+, COA, etc., but do show them as reactants or products in the appropriate places. You do not need to show the mechanisms of the enzymes. H₂C- H—C— [1220625 H₂C-0 ном HOM 12 STACGLO u ULJ obc ju
Regarding cellular metabolism, mark the true statements: (a). Electrons from the oxidation of glycolysis are transferred to O2 in the TCA cycle (b).Flow in the citric acid cycle increases when the intracellular ratio [NADH/NAD+] is high (c).In microbial cells, the glyoxylate pathway indirectly allows the conversion of fatty acids into glucose (d).Anaplerotic reactions are enzymatic reactions whose kinetics do not follow the Michaelis-Menten model. (e).Gluconeogenesis is the pathway of glucose production from different precursors, such as glycerol, some amino acids and lactate
Calculate the ATP yields in respiration given a certain type of substrate and process. Some common substrates and the place in the aerobic pathway where they insert:2-carbon amino acids @ Acetyl CoA3-carbon amino acids @ Pyruvate4-carbon amino acids @ Succinate5-carbon amino acids @ a-ketoglutarateFatty acids oxidized into 2-carbon units that enter @ Acetyl CoAGlycerol enters at glyceraldehyde phosphate 1) a) A dipeptide containing a 4-carbon amino acid and a 5-carbon amino acid b)A dipeptide containing a 4-carbon amino acid and a 5-carbon amino acid c)A 20-unit polypeptide (each unit = a 2-carbon amino acid)
Provide the structure of the REACTANTS and PRODUCTS Step Reactants/ substrates Enzyme function Product 1 Acetyl CoA and acyl-carrier protein(ACP) and Malonyl CoA and ACP Acetyl transacylase and Malonyl transacylase transfers the acyl and the malonyl moiety to the holo-ACP molecule. Acetyl ACP and CoA and Malonyl ACP and CoA 2 Acetyl ACP and Malonyl ACP acyl-malonyl ACP condensing enzyme catalyzes the condensation reaction. Acetoacetyl ACP 3 Acetoacetyl ACP beta-ketoacyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction and the NADPH is used as the reducing agent. D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. 4 D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. 9-hydroxyacyl ACP dehydratase enzyme catalyzes the dehydration reaction. Crotonyl ACP 5 Crotonyl ACP Enoyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction. Butyryl ACP 6 Butyryl ACP condensation reaction C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP 7 C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP Ketoacyl-ACP reductase catalyzed the reduction reaction C6-acyl ACP 8 Palmitoyl ACP…
. Students carry out a laboratory experiment with avidin (a protein in eg white) having a very high aflinity for biotin enzymes. Which enzyme of glucose metabolism would be inhibited by the addition of avidin to a cell homogenate? For answer: a) draw a reaction that would be blocked by the addition of avidin to a cell homogenate; b) write a diagram of the carbohydrate metabolism in which this reaction takes place.
Which of the following statements accurately describes differences in beta oxidation vs fatty acid biosynthesis? Check all that apply. Beta oxidation occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria and fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytosol Electron carriers are needed in beta oxidation, yet no electron carriers are needed in fatty acid synthesis Carbon source for fatty acid synthase is tagged by ACP vs beta oxidation that uses CoA Beta oxidation utilizes electrons whereas fatty acid biosynthesis generates electrons
. In another key reaction in glycolysis, dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is isomerized into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP) Because ∆G°′ is positive, the equilibrium lies to the left. (a) Calculate the equilibrium constant and the equilibrium fraction of GAP from the above, at 37 °C. (b) In the cell, depletion of GAP makes the reaction proceed. What will ∆G be if the concentration of GAP is always kept at 1/100 of the concentration of DHAP?

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