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A researcher is interested in the effect type of residence has on the personal happiness of
college students. She selects samples of students who live in campus dorms, in off-campus apartments, and at home and asks the respondents to rate their happiness on a scale of 1 (not happy) to 10 (happy). Her data are reported below
A) Write research and null hypotheses
B) Does happiness differ by type of residence? Test with an α = 0.01.
C) What type of error is possible based on the outcome?
D) On average, which residence type has the highest amount of personal happiness?
Report the mean.
E) On average, which residence type has the lowest amount of personal happiness? Report the mean.
F) If appropriate, use Scheffe’s post hoc test and report where the differences are. If
inappropriate, state why.
G) Calculate and interpret the effect size
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- A graduate student is interested in how viewing different types of scenes affects working memory. For his study, he selects a random sample of 36 adults. The subjects complete a series of working memory tests before and after walking in an urban setting. Before the walk, the mean score on the test of working memory was 9.1. After the walk, the mean score was 1.4 higher. The graduate student has no presupposed assumptions about how viewing different types of scenes affects working memory, so he formulates the null and alternative hypotheses as: H00 : μDD = 0 H11 : μDD ≠ 0 Assume that the data satisfy all of the required assumptions for a repeated-measures t test. The graduate student calculates the following statistics for his hypothesis test: Mean difference (MDD) 1.4 Estimated population standard deviation of the differences (s) 1.6 Estimated standard error of the mean differences (sMDMD) 0.2667 Degrees of freedom (df) 35 The t statistic 5.25 The critical values of t…The College Board provided comparisons of Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) scores based on the highest level of education attained by the test taker's parents. A research hypothesis was that students whose parents had attained a higher level of education would on average score higher on the SAT. The overall mean SAT math score was 514. SAT math scores for independent samples of students follow. The first sample shows the SAT math test scores for students whose parents are college graduates with a bachelor's degree. The second sample shows the SAT math test scores for students whose parents are high school graduates but do not have a college degree. High School Grads College Grads 501 487 550 634 538 550 572 497 533 526 394 531 594 432 608 485 442 580 479 486 528 524 492 478 425 485 390 535A researcher is studying the effects of the college experience on attitudes, values, and behaviors and is comparing random samples of freshman and seniors at the same university. Is there a significant difference in political ideology? (On this scale, 10 means "very conservative" and 1 means "very liberal") FRESHMAN SENIORSmean=5.23 mean=5.12s=1.78 s=1.07N=145 N=105
- Lynn University wants to examine whether students display better academic performance in class versus online. They have collected GPAs of two different samples of students, a sample from classes that take place in-person and a sample from classes that take place online. The data set is below. They predict that in-class students perform better than online students. GPA's In Class GPA Online GPA 4.0 4.0 3.5 2.2 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.7 2.0 2.5 3.2 3.8 3.3 3.8 What type of t-test should we use for this research question? Group of answer choices a) One sample b) Independent samples c) Paired SamplesA researcher wanted to know if there was a correlation between the number of times a boxer incurred head injuries (traumatic encephalopathy) to depression scores reported by the same individuals. The data for 10 boxers (number of injuries and depression scores from 0-10 where 0 means no depression) is as follows: Number of brain injury Depression Score 0 1 9 10 4 7 7 8 2 1 1 0 8 10 5 5 0 2 4 6 a. Use the four steps of hypothesis testing and calculate a Pearson correlation for the above data, starting with the hypotheses.b. Find critical value at an alpha level at α=.05, two tailed.c. Include the coefficient of determination with a sentence explaining the outcome of both calculations in APA format.d. Create a scatter plot by hand of the above data set.Tourism is extremely important to the economy of Florida. Hotel occupancy is an often-reported measure of visitor volume and visitor activity (Orlando Sentinel, May 19, 2018). Hotel occupancy data for February in two consecutive years are as follows. Current Year 1,476 1,800 Occupied Rooms Total Rooms 1,422 1,800 a. Formulate the hypothesis test that can be used to determine whether there has been an increase in the proportion of rooms occupied over the one-year period. Let P₁= population proportion of rooms occupied for current year P2 population proportion of rooms occupied for previous year - P2 less than or equal to 0 greater than 0 Ho P1 Ha P1 P2 b. What is the estimated proportion of hotel rooms occupied each year (to 2 decimals)? Current year .80 X Previous Year .77 c. Conduct a hypothesis test. What is the p-value (to 4 decimals)? Use Table 1 from Appendix B. Previous Year p-value = 0.0166 Using a 0.05 level of significance, what is your conclusion? We can conclude that there…
- Bank of America's Consumer Spending Survey collected data on annual credit card charges in seven different categories of expenditures: transportation, groceries, dining out, household expenses, home furnishings, apparel, and entertainment. Using data from a sample of 42 credit card accounts, assume that each account was used to identify the annual credit card charges for groceries (population 1) and the annual credit card charges for dining out (population 2) Using the difference data, the sample mean difference was d = $850, and the sample standard deviation was så = $1,123. a. Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses to test for no difference between the population mean credit card charges for groceries and the population mean credit card charges for dining out. Ho : μα ♦ Select your answer - Ha d + - Select your answer - b. Use a = = 0.05 level of significance. Can you conclude that the population means differ? - Select your answer - ◆ What is the p-value? (to 6 decimals) c.…A recent study on driving behavior examined whether the combination of high driving skills and low safety skills is dangerous. Participants were classified as high or low in driving skill based on responses to a driver-skill inventory, then classified as high or low in safety skill based on responses to a driver-aggression scale. An overall measure of driving risk was obtained by combining several variables such as number of accidents, tickets, tendency to speed, etc. The following data were obtained. Use a 2 x 2 ANOVA with the .05 significance level to evaluate the results. What cutoff score(s) should be used? Driving Skill Low High Safety Skill Low M1=5 M2=4.5 S1=2.7 S2=3.8 N1=6 N2=6 HIgh M3=3 M4=3.5 S3=2.9 S4=2.5 N3=6 N4=6 Group of answer choices +4.35 +3.40 +3.49 +4.26Dr. Guidry conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in Nashville, Tennessee (the state capital), located in the southern United States. Below are her findings.• Life satisfaction and experience of daily stress: r = .57 (p = .01)• Number of friends one has and experience of daily stress: r = .09, not sig.• Number of friends one has and life satisfaction: r = .36 (p = .04) Which of the following conclusions can Dr. Guidry draw about the number of friends one has and life satisfaction based on her statistical analyses? a. The probability of her sample coming from a zero association population is about 4%. (correct answer) b. The probability of her sample coming from a zero association population is about 96%. c. The relationship is not statistically significant. d. The strong correlation means that the number of friends one has causes an…
- Researchers asked soda drinkers to view either the logo for their favorite soda or a graphic warning demonstrating the harmful effects of sugary beverages (e.g., tooth decay, obesity) and then measured their negative mood with a short survey. They found that those participants who saw the warnings reported significantly greater negative moods than those who saw the logos. Which statistical test should be used?Snoqualmie” is a name shared by a waterfall and a tribe of Native Americans. In a study of the cultural importance of the waterfall, two groups of the Snoqualmie tribe were randomly surveyed. One group consisted of Snoqualmie members living less than 25 miles from the waterfall. Another group consisted of Snoqualmie members living more than 25 miles from the waterfall. The researchers asked each member to rate the cultural importance of the waterfall as low, medium, or high. Data from the study are presented in the following table. Members Living More Than 25 Miles from the Waterfall Members Living Less Than 25 Miles from the Waterfall Total Low 25 17 42 Medium 8 21 29 High 5 12 17 Total 38 50 88 If the distributions of ratings are the same for those Snoqualmie members living less than 25 miles from the waterfall and those living more than 25 miles from the waterfall, which of the following is equal to the expected count of members living less than 25 miles from the…Tourism is extremely important to the economy of Florida. Hotel occupancy is an often-reported measure of visitor volume and visitor activity (Orlando Sentinel, May 19, 2018). Hotel occupancy data for February in two consecutive years are as follows. Current Year Previous Year Occupied Rooms 1,360 1,386 Total Rooms 1,700 1,800 a. Formulate the hypothesis test that can be used to determine whether there has been an increase in the proportion of rooms occupied over the one-year period. Let pi = population proportion of rooms occupied for current year Pa= population proportion of rooms occupied for previous year Ho : Pi - Pa H.: Pi - P2 Select your answer Select your answer b. What is the estimated proportion of hotel rooms occupied each year (to 2 decimals)? Current year Previous Year c. Conduct a hypothesis test. What is the p-value (to 4 decimals)? Use Table 1 from Appendix B. p-value - Using a 0.05 level of significance, what is your conclusion? We Select your answer- vthat there has…