Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
Distinguish between the different types of solids and explain their physical properties.
Introduction-
The state of matter in which there are closely packed particles with a definite shape, size and volume of its own is known as solid.
The main two types of solids are divided based on the arrangement of constituent particles. They are Crystalline solids and Amorphous solids.
Based on the type of bonding between the particles solids can be divided into 4 –
- Molecular solids
- Ionic solids
- Metallic solids
- Covalent solids
Explanation-
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Crystalline solids |
Amorphous solids |
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1. The particles are arranged in a regular and repeating order. |
1. The particles are not arranged in a particular order. |
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2. They have a sharp melting point. |
2.They melt over a range of temperatures. |
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3. They exhibit both long and short range order. |
3.They exhibit only short range order. |
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4. They show a definite heat of fusion. |
4.They do not have a definite heat of fusion. |
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5. They are anisotropic in nature. |
5.They are isotropic in nature. |
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6. They are true solids. |
6.They are pseudo solids or super cooled liquids. |
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7. They show a clean cleavage that is they break with proper plane surfaces. |
7.They cleave irregularly. |
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