Concept to Investigate: Density, Buoyancy, Archimedes principal Materials: Salt, Eggs (2), Container MORTON Density is the mass to the volume ratio of a substance, If the density of an object is less than the density of the fluid in which it is placed, the object will float. If the density of the object is greater than the density of the fluid, it will sink. Because of the presence of dissolved salts, salt water has higher density than freshwater. Archimedes principal states that an object is buoyed by a force equivalent to the weight of the water it displaces. Knowing this, what will happen to a ship or fish as it moves from salt water to fresh water or vice versa? Place a fresh egg in a container full of tap water and record its position. Slowly stir salt in to the beaker until the egg rises and suspended above the bottom of the beaker but below the surface of water. 1) What should be added to raise the egg to the surface? 2) What should be added to cause the egg to sink to the bottom once again ? 3) Why did the egg rise when the salt was added tot he system ? 4) Will the ship ride higher in a ocean or lake ? Why? 5) Petroleum geologist and engineers often flood oil wells with salt water to increase production. Why ?
Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
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