Directions: Complete the following statements with the correct word/s. Write your answers on the space provided.
conservation
The science that is involve in the study of energy transformation in the living system is called biological_________________. There are two important energy principle that governs energy transfer in the living system. First is the law of ________________ of energy, which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can only be transformed into another form of energy. Meanwhile, the second law thermodynamics also known as the law of _________________, states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time, and is constant if and only if all processes are reversible.
endergonic Gibbs’ free energy exergonic
In thermodynamics, the energy associated with a chemical reaction that can be used to do work is referred to as _________________________ (G). This principle of free energy is also applied in the context of the cell as a living system and is capable of spontaneous
Endergonic reaction is one that absorbs free energy from its surroundings. Since this kind of reaction in essence stores free energy in molecules (G increases), ∆G is positive. Such reactions are nonspontaneous, and the magnitude of ∆G is the quantity of energy required to drive the reaction. Furthermore, if a chemical process is _____________(downhill), releasing energy in one direction, then the reverse process must be _______________(uphill), using energy.
energy coupling Adenosine triphosphate
___________________________ (ATP) is the energy currency for cellular processes. ATP gives the energy for both energy-consuming endergonic reactions and energy-releasing exergonic reactions, which require a little input of activation energy. Once the
ATP is a highly unstable molecule. Except quickly used to perform work, ATP spontaneously separates into ADP + Pi, and the free energy released during this process is lost as heat. To utilize the energy within the chemical bonds of ATP, cells use a strategy called _______________________.
Carotenoids Chlorophyll Phycobilin c
______________are pigments in the plants chloroplasts that helps in trapping the sunlight. There are different pigments that are found in photosynthetic organisms. Chlorophyll a and b are mostly found in plants. Meanwhile, chlorophyll ___, is found on most microorganisms. There are other pigments that can be found in photosynthetic organisms which help in absorbing a different spectrum of visible light such as, _________________ that usually gives the yellow-orange-red colors of leaves in the autumn, and ___________________, that is water-soluble and are present among cyanobacteria and red algae.
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