Direct Materials, Direct Labor, and Factory Overhead Cost Variance Analysis Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 70,000 units of product were as follows: Standard Costs Actual Costs Direct materials 224,000 lbs. at $5.30 221,800 lbs. at $5.10 Direct labor 17,500 hrs. at $16.70 17,900 hrs. at $17.10 Factory overhead Rates per direct labor hr., based on 100% of normal capacity of 18,260 direct labor hrs.: Variable cost, $3.30 $57,170 variable cost Fixed cost, $5.20 $94,952 fixed cost Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor. Required: a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Direct Material Price Variance $ Favorable Direct Materials Quantity Variance $ Favorable Total Direct Materials Cost Variance $ Favorable b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Direct Labor Rate Variance $ Unfavorable Direct Labor Time Variance $ Unfavorable Total Direct Labor Cost Variance $ Unfavorable c. Determine variable factory overhead controllable variance, the fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. Variable factory overhead controllable variance $ Favorable Fixed factory overhead volume variance $ Unfavorable Total factory overhead cost variance $ Unfavorable
Variance Analysis
In layman's terms, variance analysis is an analysis of a difference between planned and actual behavior. Variance analysis is mainly used by the companies to maintain a control over a business. After analyzing differences, companies find the reasons for the variance so that the necessary steps should be taken to correct that variance.
Standard Costing
The standard cost system is the expected cost per unit product manufactured and it helps in estimating the deviations and controlling them as well as fixing the selling price of the product. For example, it helps to plan the cost for the coming year on the various expenses.
Direct Materials, Direct Labor, and
Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 70,000 units of product were as follows:
| Standard Costs | Actual Costs | ||
| Direct materials | 224,000 lbs. at $5.30 | 221,800 lbs. at $5.10 | |
| Direct labor | 17,500 hrs. at $16.70 | 17,900 hrs. at $17.10 | |
| Factory overhead | Rates per direct labor hr., | ||
| based on 100% of normal | |||
| capacity of 18,260 direct | |||
| labor hrs.: | |||
| Variable cost, $3.30 | $57,170 variable cost | ||
| Fixed cost, $5.20 | $94,952 fixed cost |
Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor.
Required:
a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
| Direct Material Price Variance | $ | Favorable |
| Direct Materials Quantity Variance | $ | Favorable |
| Total Direct Materials Cost Variance | $ | Favorable |
b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
| Direct Labor Rate Variance | $ | Unfavorable |
| Direct Labor Time Variance | $ | Unfavorable |
| Total Direct Labor Cost Variance | $ | Unfavorable |
c. Determine variable factory overhead controllable variance, the fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
| Variable factory overhead controllable variance | $ | Favorable |
| Fixed factory overhead volume variance | $ | Unfavorable |
| Total factory overhead cost variance | $ | Unfavorable |
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