Direct Materials, Direct Labor, and Factory Overhead Cost Variance Analysis Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 74,000 units of product were as follows: Standard Costs Actual Costs Direct materials 229,400 lbs. at $4.70 227,100 lbs. at $4.60 Direct labor 18,500 hrs. at $18.20 18,930 hrs. at $18.40 Factory overhead Rates per direct labor hr., based on 100% of normal capacity of 19,310 direct labor hrs.: Variable cost, $3.30 $60,440 variable cost Fixed cost, $5.20 $100,412 fixed cost Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor. Required: a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number. c. Determine the variable factory overhead controllable variance, fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
Variance Analysis
In layman's terms, variance analysis is an analysis of a difference between planned and actual behavior. Variance analysis is mainly used by the companies to maintain a control over a business. After analyzing differences, companies find the reasons for the variance so that the necessary steps should be taken to correct that variance.
Standard Costing
The standard cost system is the expected cost per unit product manufactured and it helps in estimating the deviations and controlling them as well as fixing the selling price of the product. For example, it helps to plan the cost for the coming year on the various expenses.
Direct Materials, Direct Labor, and
Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic.
| Standard Costs | Actual Costs | ||
| Direct materials | 229,400 lbs. at $4.70 | 227,100 lbs. at $4.60 | |
| Direct labor | 18,500 hrs. at $18.20 | 18,930 hrs. at $18.40 | |
| Factory overhead | Rates per direct labor hr., | ||
| based on 100% of normal | |||
| capacity of 19,310 direct | |||
| labor hrs.: | |||
| Variable cost, $3.30 | $60,440 variable cost | ||
| Fixed cost, $5.20 | $100,412 fixed cost |
Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor.
Required:
a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
c. Determine the variable factory overhead controllable variance, fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.
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