Describe the neurotransmitters shown in Section 11.14 in the selected neurotransmitters table. Give examples of how they might occur in the body. Selected NeurotransmittersNeurotransmitterChemical StructureMechanism of Action LocationCommentsAcetylcholine (ACh)CH,Primarily direct, through CNS: Synapses throughout brainCH,-N -CH,-CH,-o-c-CH, binding to chemicallyCH,and spinal cordPNS: Neuromuscular junctions,neuroglandular junctions, andsynapses in autonomic gangliaWidespread in CNS andPNS; best known andmost studied of thegated ion channelsneurotransmittersонInvolved in attention andconsciousness, control ofbody temperature, andregulation of pituitary glandsecretionNorepinephrine (NE)Indirect, throughG proteins and secondCNS: Cerebral cortex,hypothalamus, brainstem,cerebellum, and spinal cordPNS: Most neuromuscular andneuroglandular junctions ofsympathetic division of ANSNH,-CH,-CH-онmessengersOHонEpinephrine (E)CH,-NH-CH,-CH-Indirect: G proteins andOH second messengersCNS: Thalamus, hypothalamus,midbrain, and spinal cordGenerally excitatory effectalong autonomic pathwaysHO,OH Primarily indirect:G proteins and secondmessengersSerotoninCNS: Hypothalamus, limbicImportant in emotionalstates, moods, and bodytemperature; several illicithallucinogenic drugs, suchas Ecstasy, target serotoninreceptorsNH,-CH,-CH,-system, cerebellum, spinal cord,and retinaCNS: Cerebral cortex andImportant in memory andlearning; most importantexcitatory neurotransmitterin the brainGlutamatec-CH-CH,-CH,-CHƠIndirect: G proteins andsecond messengersDirect: opens calcium/sodium ion channelsbrainstemонNH,Gamma-Direct or indirectCNS: Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, Direct inhibitory effects:opens Cl channels; indirecteffects: opens K channelsand blocks entry of Ca2+NH,-CH,-CH,-CH,-caminobutyricacid (GABA)(G proteins), dependinginterneurons throughout brainand spinal cordOHon type of receptor

Neurotransmitters are the main chemical messengers of the body. These molecules are utilized by our…

Answered: Describe the neurotransmitters shown in…

Describe the neurotransmitters shown in Section 11.14 in the selected neurotransmitters table. Give examples of how they might occur in the body.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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