describe the EIA test for HIV antibodies and state the significance of a positive HIV antibody test

Q: Relate examples of secondary immunodefi ciencies.

A: Secondary immunodeficiency - Secondary immunodeficiency are the disorder, which is caused by…

Q: Discuss the most common immunological mechanismsresponsible for allergies and how these may be…

A: The immune system is responsible for the establishment of an appropriate immune response to…

Q: Compare the changes and effects of a strain and asubluxation.

A: Bones are the structures that make up the skeletal system of our body, starting from the skull to…

Q: Explain how and why antihistamines have a soothing effect on IgE-mediated allergy.

A: Histamine are released by mast cells in most tissue and basophils  in blood also. Or stored in…

Q: Define the Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults ?

A: Immunization or vaccination is a preventive health strategy that protects from disease by…

Q: Describe two methods used to reduce the severity of atissue rejection reaction.

A: Tissue transplantation is a method adopted to repair damaged tissue by extracting the tissue cell…

Q: Describe the applications of BCG vaccine.

A: A vaccine is synthesized from a weakened or killed form of a microbe, microbe’s toxins, or surface…

Q: How is a person tested for HIV and what are the tests called that are used in the labaortory?

A: Immune system is defined as the complex network of cells, tissues, organs and other substances that…

Q: Identify the advantages of alternative immunization strategies as compared to traditional…

A: Immunization is the action where a person's immune system is protected from an external agent called…

Q: Briefly explain the behaviors most likely to spread HIV.

A: AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a condition that occurs due to the infection with HIV…

Q: state the most common reason for a false-negative antibody test

A: Explanation: False negative test is the negative result obtained due to negative reaction in the…

Q: Identify the effects of immunization on the incidence ofmeasles, mumps, rubella, and chicken pox.

A: Immunization or vaccination is the process by which the immune system of an individual is made…

Q: Describe how testing for HIV infection is accomplished.

A: Generally, the testing for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is done in 2 steps that involves…

Q: Explain the differences between direct and indirect procedures inimmunoassay tests, giving examples.

A: Immunoassays are biochemical test based on antigen-antibody interactions. It is used to determine…

Q: Outline the phases and progression of an HIV infection. List methods of how HIV is spread and how it…

A: HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is to blame. HIV…

Q: discuss vacination programmes for HIV

A: The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are lentiviruses that infect the humans through contact…

Q: Briefly explain the immunological responses to bacterial superantigens and explain how they differ…

A: By the Bartleby guidelines, only one question can be answered at at time. The first question has…

Q: Describe how both active and passive immunization can be used to combat tetanus.

A: Injecting the antibodies into the systemic circulation is the process involved in artificially…

Q: What is severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) ? Explain the symptoms & causes of severe…

A: BASIC INFORMATION DISEASE It is basically the illness of the body. This affects our bodily functions…

Q: Discuss the main categories of antigens, based on function.

A: Antigens are the foreign molecule capable of inducing an immune response. One of the exclusive…

Q: Explain the various causes of Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ?

A: Step 1 Immuno-deficiency diseases are diseases caused by a defect in one or more components of…

Q: Explain how it is possible for people to give a false-positive reactionin blood tests for syphilis,…

A: Syphilis is caused by  bacterium Treponema pallidum. And it can be detected with blood test called…

Q: Discuss the routes of HIV transmission.

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is responsible for causing AIDS (acquired immune deficiency…

Q: List two of the major targets of combination antiretroviral therapies used to clinically treat HIV-1…

A: The two major targets of combination retroviral therapies used to clinically treat HIV infections…

Q: Differentiate the screening and confirmatory test for HIV.

A: HIV:- Human Immunodeficiency virus causes AIDS i.e. acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in human. In…

Q: Compare and contrast atopic allergy and type IV (delayed)hypersensitivity as to mechanism, symptoms,…

A: Atopy is a chronic allergy that is characterized by the immediate beginning of manifestations. Type…

Q: a. Explain the basis for combined therapy. b. Give reasons why it could be helpful to use combined…

A: The use of medications to cure or prevent disease is referred to as drug treatment. It's used to…

Q: Define the different types of graft rejection.

A: Introduction  The immune system of a transplant recipient fights the transplanted organ or tissue…

Q: Identify about the Qualities of an effective vaccine.

A: The immune system protects our body from infections.

Q: Explain why it is not possible for someone to contract a disease through a vaccine, but still have…

A: Vaccine-  A vaccine is defined as any substance which is used to stimulate the production of…

Q: plain the term immunoglobulin (IG)

A: Edelman is one who has discovered whereas the immune serum globulin was treated with…

Q: Describe the stages of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and various drugs used to manage…

A: The virus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can cause a disease condition. This disease condition…

Q: Explain why two separate tests are generally used to diagnose HIVinfection.

A: HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a positive strand enveloped RNA virus, belongs to…

Q: Identify two immunological diagnostic techniques that rely on a secondary antibody, and explain how…

A: Serology is the scientific study of blood serum and other bodily fluids. In practical immunological…

Q: a. Explain the significance and limitations of apositive tuberculin test.b. Explain the conditions…

A: Tuberculosis It is a contagious lung parenchymal infection caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis.…

Q: Identify the major categories of vaccine antigens, citingexamples.

A: Antigens are the protein molecules capable of inducing an immune response. Antibodies…

Q: Explain the three mechanisms of graft rejections: (i) Hyperacute rejection (ii) Acute rejection…

A: Graft rejection occurs when the beneficiary's immune system attacks the donated graft and starts to…

Q: Would creating vaccines and using plasma antibodies be affective  in  treating Coronavirus?

A: Basically, Plasma therapy is a medical procedure that uses the blood of a recovered patient to…

Q: Describe hybridoma technique for developing monoclonal antibodies.

A: Technology is utilized in science, while science is used in technology. Both are vital to our…

Q: Describe the changes over time in virus antigen levels, antibodylevels, and CD4 T cells in the blood…

A: Human immunodeficiency virus is the causative agent of AIDS or Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.…

Q: Explain the requirements for developing a type II hypersensitivity.

A: The immune system of the body has several mechanisms to protect the body against pathogens or…