degenerauve symptoms at +0 monus of age. The prmary characteristics are cerebral degeneration, blindness, and loss of I-2 I-1 П II-2 П -4 1-5 II-7 II-8 II-9 II -10 II-11 П-1 П-3 П-6 FIGURE 25.2 A family pedigree of Tay-Sachs disease, indicating recessive inheritance. Heterozygous carriers were determined by genetic testing. CONCEPT CHECK: What feature(s) of this pedigree indicate(s) recessive inheritance? III-1 Ш-2 III -4 Ш-5 III -6 III-7 III -8 Ш -9 Ш-10 Ш-3 Ш-11 INTERACTIVE EXERCSE Tay-Sachs disease Unaffected heterozygote (carrier) Unaffected homozygote IV-2 IV-3 IV-4 IV-5 IV-6 IV-7 IV-8 IV-9 IV-1

Q: When examining a human pedigree, what features do you look forto distinguish between X-linked…

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Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.