Define how programs or policies can be evaluated using experiments or quasi-experiments?
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Define how programs or policies can be evaluated using experiments or quasi-experiments?
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- Automobile racing, high-performance driving schools, and driver education programs run by automobile clubs continue to grow in popularity. All these activities require the participant to wear a helmet that is certified by the Snell Memorial Foundation, a not-for-profit organization dedicated to research, education, testing, and development of helmet safety standards. Snell "SA" (Sports Application) rated professional helmets are designed for auto racing and provide extreme impact resistance and high fire protection. One of the key factors in selecting a helmet is weight, since lower weight helmets tend to place less stress on the neck. The following data show the weight and price for 18 SA helmets (SoloRacer website). Helmet Weight (oz) Price ($) Pyrotect Pro Airflow 64 245 Pyrotect Pro Airflow Graphics 64 268 RCi Full Face 64 195 RaceQuip RidgeLine 64 190 HJC AR-10 58 309 HJC Si-12 47 705 HJC HX-10 49 897 Impact Racing Super Sport 59 336 Zamp FSA-1 66 194 Zamp RZ-2 58 301 Zamp RZ-2…What is a dummy variable trap and how is it related to multicollinearity of regressors? What is the solution for this form of multicollinearity?Top management of a large multinational corporation wants to create a culture of innovativeness and change. A consultant hired to assess the company's organizational culture finds that only 15% of employees are open to new ideas and approaches toward their work. One of his recommendations for the company is to conduct seminars for employees in order to disseminate and reinforce the new corporate philosophy. This is done for a six month trial period after which its value in changing employee attitudes will be assessed. Write the null and alternative hypotheses. 2. Based on data collected after the trial period, the company constructed a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all employees open to new ideas and approaches toward their work. The resulting interval is 18% to 22%. What conclusion should the company reach about the seminars?
- 1Westminster Financial has released a summary of investor and investment package information from the past fiscal year. During this time, Westminster provided a choice among 12 pre-designed investment packages. The investment packages were classified according to two variables: riskiness of investment package chosen ("Risky", "Moderate/mixed", and "Conservative") and age of investor ("Under 35", "35-49", or "50+"). Suppose that we're interested in the possible relationship between the age of the investor and the riskiness of the investment package the investor chose. The following contingency table gives a summary of the information released by Westminster regarding age and riskiness of investment package for 150 investors. In the cells of the table are the respective observed frequencies, and three of the cells also have blanks. Fill in these blanks with the frequencies expected if the two variables, riskiness of investment package chosen and age of investor, are independent. Round…Scenario 3. A researcher creates a new program for college students to reduce feelings of loneliness and enhance students' engagement on campus. This new program helps students to find student groups and clubs that fit their interests. She randomly assigns students to either enroll in this new program (the experimental group) or to not enroll in the program (the control group). She compares students' feelings of engagement between the two groups, and expects that engagement will be higher among the students that are in the program. What is the most appropriate test statistic to use to test the hypothesis in scenario 3? A) z-test B) z-score C) Independent samples t-Test D) Correlation Coefficient E) One-way ANOVA F) Dependent samples t-Test G) Factor Analysis H) Structural Equation Model What is the null hypothesis for scenario 3? A) H0: engagement in the experimental group ≤ engagement in the control group B) H0 : engagement in the experimental group = engagement in the control…
- In a survey of statistics students, it is found that 54 use RStudio, 43 use SAS, and 32 use Stata, for data analysis. Moreover, 29 use both RStudio and SAS, 18 use both RStudio and Stata, and 21 use both SAS and Stata, for data analysis. Fifteen of these students use RStudio, SAS, and Stata, while nine of them use tools other than R Studio, SAS, and Stata. a. How many students use RStudio only for data analysis? b. How many students use at least two software for data analysis? c. How many students use SAS or Stata, but not both?If gender is the independent variable of a quasi-experiment, this experiment must have a between-subject design. Group of answer choices True FalseOne disadvantage of a repeated measures design is the possibility of order effects. Which of the following statements is false? O Order effects are often due to the treatment itself. O Order effects can bias the results of an experiment. O Order effects can be lessened by applying counterbalancing to the experimental design. O An order effect is an increase or decrease in the response to each subsequent treatment due to an increase in learning, fatigue, or boredom.
- 1. What is the independent variable? How is it operationally defined? 2. What type of variable is the independent variable (situational, response, participant, or mediating)? 3. What is the dependent variable? How is it operationally defined? 4. What type of variable is the dependent variable (situational, response, participant, or mediating)? 5. Is it a nonexperimental or experimental design? Why? For each of the kinds of validity below, what concerns about that type of validity do you have with this study? If you don’t have any concerns about that kind of validity, then explain why you think the study does a good job addressing it. If you would need additional information to evaluate that kind of validity, specify what you would need to know. A. Construct validity B. Internal validity C. External validity D. Statistical conclusion validityAutomobile racing, high-performance driving schools, and driver education programs run by automobile clubs continue to grow in popularity. All these activities require the participant to wear a helmet that is certified by the Snell Memorial Foundation, a not-for-profit organization dedicated to research, education, testing, and development of helmet safety standards. Snell “SA” (Sports Application) rated professional helmets are designed for auto racing and provide extreme impact resistance and high fire protection. One of the key factors in selecting a helmet is weight, since lower weight helmets tend to place less stress on the neck. The following data show the weight and price for 18 SA helmets (SoloRacer website). Helmet Weight (oz) Price ($) Pyrotect Pro Airflow 64 239 Pyrotect Pro Airflow Graphics 64 277 RCi Full Face 64 201 RaceQuip RidgeLine 64 203 HJC AR-10 58 291 HJC Si-12 47 699 HJC HX-10 49 890 Impact Racing Super Sport 59 346 Zamp FSA-1 66 202 Zamp…A doctor wanted to study the effect of four different treatments on mental health. A group of 100 adults experiencing depression volunteered for the study. The doctor randomly assigned one-fourth of them to each of four groups. Group 1 followed a specific exercise plan, group 2 followed a specific diet plan, group 3 followed an exercise and diet plan, and group 4 did not follow any plan. After 4 weeks, the doctor contacted each participant and asked them if they felt any better. The results are displayed in the table. The doctor would like to know if these data provide convincing evidence that the distribution of responses differs across the treatment groups in the population of all patients like these. The random condition is met. The 10% condition is not needed because random sampling did not take place. This table of expected counts shows that all expected counts are at least 5. What is the value of the chi-square test statistic? χ‑2 = 5.03 χ‑2 = 6.26 χ‑2 = 25.33 χ‑2 = 39.22