I only need help with part D.Attached the other parts for the provided data The text appears to be an excerpt from a physics or physiology textbook on alveoli and the mechanics of breathing. Here's a transcription and explanation for educational purposes:---3. **A.** The typical diameter of an alveolus is 0.3 mm. The surface tension of water is about 70 dyne cm\(^{-1}\). The dyne is the unit of force in the cgs system: 1 g cm s\(^{-2}\). It is converted to N by multiplying by \(10^{-3}\) kg g\(^{-1}\) x \(10^{-2}\) m cm\(^{-1}\) = \(10^{-5}\) kg g\(^{-1}\) m cm\(^{-1}\). What is the pressure within this alveolus assuming no surfactant at mechanical equilibrium? Give the answer in __________ mmHg.**B.** Surfactant lowers the surface tension to about 28 dyne cm\(^{-1}\). What would the pressure be in an alveolus with a diameter of 0.3 mm?**C.** Expanding the lungs increases the size of the alveoli and increases the surface area. How much work is necessary to expand the alveoli in a normal tidal volume of 0.5 L when the FRC is 2.3 L and assuming there is surfactant. *Hint: Calculate work either as PdV or γdA; use the change in volume given to calculate dV or dA given that the rest diameter of alveoli is 0.3 mm and that there are N of them.*- **N = 3 x 10\(^6\)****D.** During normal tidal breathing, the airflow is about 0.5 L s\(^{-1}\) and the pressure driving airflow is about 1 mmHg. Calculate the overall airway resistance. Estimate the energy required to overcome this airway resistance for a tidal volume of 0.5 L.---For parts A and B, the task involves calculating the pressure within an alveolus based on the given surface tensions, both with and without surfactant.Part C focuses on the work necessary to expand the alveoli, providing a hint to calculate work using formulas related to pressure and volume or tension and surface area.Part D requires calculating overall airway resistance and estimating the energy needed to overcome this resistance for a given tidal volume.No graphs or diagrams are present in the text.

D. To calculate overall airway resistance Airway resistance is the resistance to airflow during normal breathing. Airflow (F) will depend upon the driving pressure (P) and the resistance (R) according to the equation: F = P/R Given that F=0.5L/s P=1mmHg Therefore R=P/F =1/0.5 =2mmHg/L/s To estimate energy require to overcome the airway resistance The energy required to overcome the resistance =P V. Given that Pressure P = 1mmHg Tidal volume V= 0.5L Therefore Energy PV =1 mm Hg x 0.5 L =133.4 Nm-2 x 500 cm3 = 133.4 Nm-2 x 500 x 10-6 m3 Resistance work =0.067 N m =0.067 joules