Coping with No Success According to the Rule of Three , when we have a sample size n with x =0 successes, we have 95% confidence that the true population proportion has an upper bound of 3/n (See “A Look at the Rule of Three,” by Jovanovic and Levy, American Statistician , Vol. 51, No. 2.) a. If n independent trials result in no successes, why can’t we find confidence interval limits by using the methods described in this section? b. If 40 couples use a method of gender selection and each couple has a baby girl, what is the 95% upper bound for/), the proportion of all babies who are boys?

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Estimation

A new framework of data analysis where the new statistical methods are used for interpreting the results and analyzing the data is known as estimation in statistics.