Consider the mechanism of this reaction. Does sodium hydroxide act as a catalyst? Justify your answer.

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Consider the mechanism of this reaction. Does sodium hydroxide act as a catalyst? Justify your answer.
### Transcription and Explanation of the Chemical Reaction

This series of chemical equations illustrates the conversion of methyl salicylate to salicylic acid through a series of reactions involving sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

#### Reaction 1:
**Reactants:**
- Methyl salicylate (C₆H₄(OH)COOCH₃)
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

**Products:**
- Sodium salicylate (C₆H₄(OH)COONa)
- Water (H₂O)

**Explanation:**
The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) from sodium hydroxide reacts with methyl salicylate, resulting in the formation of sodium salicylate and water. This is an example of a saponification reaction where an ester is converted into a salt of a carboxylic acid.

#### Reaction 2:
**Reactants:**
- Sodium salicylate (C₆H₄(OH)COONa)
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

**Products:**
- Disodium salicylate (C₆H₄(ONa)₂COO)
- Methanol (CH₃OH)

**Explanation:**
Further reaction with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of disodium salicylate, a fully saponified form, along with methanol. This step involves the conversion of both the ester and hydroxyl groups to sodium salts.

#### Reaction 3:
**Reactants:**
- Disodium salicylate (C₆H₄(ONa)₂COO)
- Protons (2 H⁺, usually from an acid like HCl)

**Products:**
- Salicylic acid (C₆H₄(OH)COOH)

**Explanation:**
Upon treatment with an acid, protons replace the sodium ions, resulting in the formation of salicylic acid, the primary product. This step involves acidifying the disodium salicylate to yield the free acid form.

### Diagram Explanation

The chemical structures are shown as labeled diagrams with various functional groups and bonds:
- Aromatic rings with hydroxyl and ester groups.
- Na⁺ and O⁻ are used to denote sodium salts.
- Arrows indicate the progression of the reaction stages, demonstrating conversion through each step.

This process is commonly used in organic chemistry for the synthesis of salicylic
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription and Explanation of the Chemical Reaction This series of chemical equations illustrates the conversion of methyl salicylate to salicylic acid through a series of reactions involving sodium hydroxide (NaOH). #### Reaction 1: **Reactants:** - Methyl salicylate (C₆H₄(OH)COOCH₃) - Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) **Products:** - Sodium salicylate (C₆H₄(OH)COONa) - Water (H₂O) **Explanation:** The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) from sodium hydroxide reacts with methyl salicylate, resulting in the formation of sodium salicylate and water. This is an example of a saponification reaction where an ester is converted into a salt of a carboxylic acid. #### Reaction 2: **Reactants:** - Sodium salicylate (C₆H₄(OH)COONa) - Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) **Products:** - Disodium salicylate (C₆H₄(ONa)₂COO) - Methanol (CH₃OH) **Explanation:** Further reaction with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of disodium salicylate, a fully saponified form, along with methanol. This step involves the conversion of both the ester and hydroxyl groups to sodium salts. #### Reaction 3: **Reactants:** - Disodium salicylate (C₆H₄(ONa)₂COO) - Protons (2 H⁺, usually from an acid like HCl) **Products:** - Salicylic acid (C₆H₄(OH)COOH) **Explanation:** Upon treatment with an acid, protons replace the sodium ions, resulting in the formation of salicylic acid, the primary product. This step involves acidifying the disodium salicylate to yield the free acid form. ### Diagram Explanation The chemical structures are shown as labeled diagrams with various functional groups and bonds: - Aromatic rings with hydroxyl and ester groups. - Na⁺ and O⁻ are used to denote sodium salts. - Arrows indicate the progression of the reaction stages, demonstrating conversion through each step. This process is commonly used in organic chemistry for the synthesis of salicylic
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