Consider the AS/AD model. The AS curve is: Ỹ₁ = a - bm(x₁ - 7) and the AD curve is: T₁ = π₁-1 + VỸ₁ +ō. where is inflation and Ỹ is short-run output. The subscript / indexes time. = 0.01, 0 = 0.02, ā= 0.04, 5= 0.05, and m = 0.04 are fixed strictly positive parameters. Assume the inflation target is 0.02 (or 2%). Calculate Ỹ at the steady state. (If you answer is 3%, do not put the percentage sign enter 3 or 0.03).
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- Consider the AS/AD model. The AS curve is: Ỹ, = a – bm(r, – T) and the AD curve is: T; = T;-1 + UY, +ō. t where t is inflation and Y is short-run output. The subscript t indexes time. ū = 0.01, ō = 0.02, ā = 0.04, b = 0.05, and m = 0.04 are fixed strictly positive parameters. Assume the inflation target T is 0.02 (or 2%). Calculate T at the steady state. (If you answer is 3%, do not put the percentage sign enter 3 or 0.03).Consider the ASIAD model. The AS curve is: Y, = a - bm(n, - 7) and the AD curve is: T, = T;-1 + TỸ, +ō. where a is inflation and Y is short-run output. The subscript t indexes time. T = 0.01, 0 = 0.02, ā = 0.04, b = 0.05, and m = 0.04 are fixed strictly positive parameters. Assume the inflation target n is 0.02 (or 2%). Imagine the Bank of England decides to increase its inflation target to 0.04 (or 4%) What happens to short-run output Ỹ in the period immediately after the shock? a. increases O b. decreases Oc. stays the sameConsider the short-term model characterized by the following AS and AD curves: Ý, = à – bm(x, – ñ) (AD] and A; = x; + vỶ, + õ, (AS). The economy is in steady state at time t = -1 (that is, a-1 = ñ, ō-1 = 0, and ā = 0). It is hit by a one-time inflation shock öy = .025 at time i = 0. For now, expectations are adaptive: 7 = ,-1. You'll use the answer to this question in several follow-up questions. To keep track of your results, you should use a spreadsheet application. If you don't already have one, you can use this hyperlinked template e (it's a Google Sheet). Calculate zo assuming b = 0.5, m = 2, ñ = 0.03, and ū = 1. Enter your answer as a percentage and round to the nearest hundredth.
- Consider the AD-AS model Y = Y* — ay(π − π* ) + €D - π = π² + OB(Y−Y*) + €s Suppose the parameter values are a = 0.5, y = 2, p = 0.5, ß = 1 with inflation target * = 0.02 and natural output normalized to Y* = 1. = Suppose the economy begins in an initial long run equilibrium and there is then a temporary demand shock Ep = -0.05. In the short run, immediately following this shock, output and inflation are given by: Y = 1.025, π = -0.005 Y = 0.975, π = +0.005 Y = 1.025, π = +0.005 Y = 0.966, π = -0.003Consider an AD-AS model with AD curve Y – Y* = - αγ (π - π*) + εand AS curve π = π + φβ(Y – Y*) + εwith parameter values α = 0.5, γ = 1, φ = 1, β = 0.5,and with inflation target π* = 0.02 and potential output normalised to Y* = 1.Starting from a long-run equilibrium with π = π* suppose there is a temporary demand shock ε = -0.05. Which of the following is TRUE? 1.In the short run, output is 5% below trend 2.In the short run, output is 4% below trend 3.In the short run, inflation is 1% 4.In the long run, output is 5% below trendConsider the AD-AS model: Y = Y* ay (π = π*) + ED ㅠ π = π² + 08 (Y-Y*) + €s Suppose the parameter values are a = = 0.02 0.5, y = 2, p = 0.5, B = 2 with inflation target * and natural output normalized to Y* = 1. Suppose the economy begins in an initial long run equilibrium.
- In the standard AS-AD framework, after a positive one-period 0 for all timesT> t), the inflation shock at time t (that is, ō, economy will move to a new equilibrium with O because Tt+1 - Tt %3D %3D the AS curve immediately shifts such that the AS and AD curves intersect at Y = 0. Any shock is offset completely by an opposing inflation shock. the AD curve shifts each period. Changes in the rate of inflation are matched by changes in the demand parameter ā. the AS curve gradually shifts in the direction of Yt = 0. Changes in %3D inflation affect the intercept of the AS curve. the AD curve adjusts over time. Changes in expected inflation move the intercept term of the AD curve. the AS curve never shifts in response to shocks in the economy.Consider a standard AD-AS model. The economy is affected by the following sequence of events. In period 1 there is a shock to the economy that is temporary. In period 2, the shock ends. But having observed an inflation outcome different to the inflation target, inflation expectations change from the inflation target to a value exactly equal to the observed inflation in period 1 (that is, expectations are not `anchored’). A temporary positive demand shock would lead to output above potential in period 1, but below potential in period 2. Answer true or false. Please briefly explain your answer.Q.1.5 If the inflation rate is 6% and Susan receives a 6% increase in income, then, over the year, Susan's: (a) Real and nominal income both remain unchanged; (b) Real and nominal income both rise; (c) Real income rises but nominal income remains unchanged3; (d) Nominal income rises but real income remains unchanged. Q.1.6 Given the import function, Z = 300 + 2/3Y, which of the following statements is correct? (a) The marginal propensity to save is 1/3; (b) The induced component is 300; (c) 2/3 is the proportion of any income spent on imports; (d) None of the statements is correct. Q.1.7 An increase of R5 billion in income in a macroeconomy leads to an increase in R3 billion in consumption spending. From this information, we can determine that the marginal propensity to save in this economy is: (a) 0.6; (b) 0.5; (c) 0.3; (d) 0.4. Q.1.8 Mr Brown has recently been retrenched. The firm he worked for had to retrench a number of staff due to the downturn in the economy. Mr Brown has not…
- Consider an AD-AS model with AD curve Y - Y* = −αy(n − ñ*) + € and AS curve π = π² + ¢ß(Y – Y*) + €s with parameter values a = 2, y = 1, p = 1 and ß = 2 and with inflation target * = : 0.01 and potential output normalised to Y* : = 1. e T Starting from a long-run equilibrium with ² = *, suppose there is a temporary supply shock €s = 0.05. Which of the following is FALSE? In the short run, inflation is 1% above target In the short run, output is 2% below potential In the short run, the real interest rate rises O In the short run, the real interest rate fallsDemand Pull Inflation: Suppose that the central bank wants to increase output, but the economy is already at the natural rate. (a) Show the short and long run effects of a monetary expansion (M t) in this sit- uation in the AD/AS model. You may omit the labor market and production function graphs and you should assume sticky prices for the SRAS. (b) As you can see from above (hint), in the long run output is unchanged but the price level is higher. What do you think would happens if the central banks tries this strategy over and over again? (c) Now assume that these repeated inereases in the money supply have caused expected inflation (r) to increase. Purthermore, assume the central bank stops its repeated increases of the money supply at the same time (assume M is constat). What is the effect of the inerease in inflation expectations on output, the real interest rate, and the price level in the short run?Consider an economy producing at Ý, = 0 and ū = 1/4. The inflation rate at t = 0 is To = 3% . Now, suppose the economy is hit by an inflation shock õ1 = ö2 = 3%. The shock is temporary and ōg = 0 for t > 2. For the duration of the inflation shock, the economy is in a recession with Ý1 = Ý2 = -1%, which ends with Ý 3 = 0. Based on this information, you know that the inflation rate 73 i , percent.