Consider an acetyl CoA that enters the TCA cycle.  Let’s call this cycle “Cycle 1.”    Let’s say you put a radiolabel on the carbonyl carbon of acetyl CoA that will allow us to track this carbon through the TCA cycle.  Now, trace its path through the TCA cycle and answer the following questions:   (a) Does the carbonyl carbon of Acetyl CoA come out as CO2 in Cycle 1?    (b) If your answer to (a) was No, in which cycle does it come out as CO2 (Cycle 2, 3, 4 …)

Q: How many reduced molecules (NADH, FADH2, NADPH) will be generated by converting linoleic acid…

A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbon to 36 carbons.…

Q: Most fatty acids have an even number of carbons and, therefore, are completely metabolized to…

A: For the given reaction the co enzymes required are given below: There are two steps reaction

Q: In order to break the carbon-carbon bond of Acetyl-CoA in a way that does not harm the cell, citrate…

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway by which 6-carbon glucose is converted into 3-carbon pyruvate in…

Q: List some of the advantages of organizing the enzymes that catalyze the formation of acetyl CoA from…

A: The process of glycolysis occurs to break down glucose into pyruvate and to produce some energy. But…

Q: The following is an intermediate formed during a FAS. The primer shown is condensed with 4 moles of…

A: Fatty acid synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm. The synthesis is catalyzed by an enzyme complex…

Q: Do you think that the reverse of the reaction given, (Malonyl-CoA → Acetyl-CoA + HCO3-) must be…

A: Detailed explanation: Yes, the reverse reaction of Malonyl-CoA converting to Acetyl-CoA and HCO3-…

Q: The reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex is essentially irreversible and…

A: Acetyl-CoA and NADH are end products of the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction. High levels of these…

Q: Calculate the number of ATPs generated from the metabolic oxidation of the four carbons of…

A: TCA cycle is the final common oxidative pathway for fats, carbohydrates and amino acids. Acetyl CoA…

Q: How many reduced molecules (NADH, FADH2, NADPH) will be generated by converting lineoleic acid…

A: The fats are stored in eukaryotes as triglycerides that are broken down using the enzyme Lipase to…

Q: Explain the process that is depicted by the diagram below. (What is the overall purpose of the…

A: Glucose undergoes glycolysis to synthesize energy. Pyruvate is the end product of the glycolytic…

Q: Can you please pick the right answer in each parentheses? The regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis…

A: Fatty acid and glucose catabolism are responsible for the energy state of the cell. At the cell's…

Q: A fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized…

A: The β-oxidation pathway completes the degradation of saturated fatty acids having an even number of…

Q: succinyl-COA synthetase will do which of the following:   Select one: a. Fumarate is combined with…

A: Here we must decide which of the various possible statements best describes the role of succinyl-CoA…

Q: Imagine that you are working as a postdoctoral researcher in a laboratory that studies how heart…

A: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs) play key roles in the mitochondrial catabolism of fatty acids and…

Q: 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) is a very long name for the enzyme…

A: DISCLAIMER: Since you have asked multiple questions, we have solved the first question for you. If…

Q: Fatty acid synthesis requires the activation of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA. However, its condensation…

A: Fatty acids are broken down to acetyl Co-A and the precursor for the fatty acid synthesis is acetyl…

Q: i) Acetyl-CoA ii) FADH2 and NADH

A: Beta oxidation of fatty acid is the hydrolysis of fatty acid to produce energy. where the fatty acid…

Q: How many GTP, NADH, and FADH2 are produced from each acetyl coa undergoing krebs cycle?

A: The citric acid cycle also known as the TCA cycle or the Krebs cycle is a series of chemical…

Q: Which one of the following pairs of compounds are joined together to conserve carbon in the…

A: Bacteria and plants subsist on acetate yielding acetyl CoA. They use a metabolic pathway absent in…

Q: Identify the label in the correct position in the following: C-1 of acetyl CoA to malate (one cycle)…

A: Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the reaction of oxidative decarboxylation in which…

Q: Which of the following is not a component of the citric acid cycle? Group of answer choices…

A: [Because You post so many question in single question  I will give you the first  two answers  only…

Q: What is(are) the product(s) of the thiolase reaction involving a sixteen carbon ß-ketoacyl substrate…

A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbon to 36 carbons.…

Q: Why is acetyl-CoA considered the central molecule of metabolism?

A: Metabolism is the term used to describe set of chemical reactions that are involved in the living…

Q: Below are some statements about the TCA Cycle. Which statement is true based on what we have learned…

A: TCA is expanded as Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle. This cycle carries a chain of reactions that is used by…

Q: Consider the following statements:    (1) the products of the first two stages of cholesterol…

A: In living organisms, biosynthesis is a multi-step enzyme-catalyzed process that converts simple…

Q: Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are…

A: The human body is complex and it requires the coordinated action of many systems. The circulatory…

Q: 2-Bromopalmitoyl-CoA inhibits the oxidation of palmitoyl-CoA by isolated mitochondria but has no…

A: Carnitine shuttle is a way by which long-chain fatty acyl-CoA is transported inside mitochondria for…

Q: odd-chain fatty acids are metabolized down to propionyl-CoA (a 3 Carbon unit). This is converted in…

A: The fatty acids are the building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat.During…

Q: The sources of the three (3) carbons in malonyl-Coa is/are: a. 1 C from C02 and 2 C from acetyl-CoA…

A: Malonyl-CoA is one of the major molecules and are involved in fatty acid biosynthesis .

Q: The acetyl-CoA molecule has three carbon atoms. is this statement true or false?

A: Acetyl-CoA is a metabolite which is formed from glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids.In metabolic…

Q: Consider the reaction shown, which of the following conditions is most likely to lead to the…

A: The catalytic conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA by the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase is…

Q: A fatty acid (a long straight-chain carboxylic acid with an even number of carbons) is metabolized…

A: Beta-oxidation is a metabolic process that involves multiple steps by which fatty acid molecules are…

Q: If the carbonyl carbon of acetyl-CoA were marked with 14C, where would that carbon be located within…

A: Metabolism includes biosynthesis/ reduction (an anabolic process) and oxidation (catabolic…

Q: Calculate the number of ATPs generated from the metabolic oxidation of the four carbons of…

A: Acetoacetyl-CoA is involved in the pathway of ketone bodies and is formed from the condensation of…

Q: (a). electron transport chain, explain why pyruvate was added together with malate. For what…

A: Carbohydrates are preferentially used for the generation of energy in the cells. Glucose is digested…

Q: Imagine that you are working as a postdoctoral researcher in a laboratory that studies how heart…

A: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs) are a type of enzyme that catalyzes the first step in each cycle of…

Q: Explain the process that is depicted by the diagram below. (What is the overall purpose of the…

A: The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), is one…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.