Consider a 25-m-long thick-walled concrete duct (k 5 0.75 W/m·K) of square cross section. The outer dimensions of the duct are 20 cm 3 20 cm, and the thickness of the duct wall is 2 cm. If the inner and outer surfaces of the duct are at 100°C and 30°C, respectively, determine the rate of heat transfer through the walls of the duct.

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Conduction and Convection

When energy travels from one object to another it is said to have undergone heat transfer. Heat transfer is nothing but the transfer of thermal energy or internal energy from one thing to another, like e.g., when a vessel with water, kept on top of a burner, heats up because of the flame underneath it.