This image depicts a reaction pathway involving several organic transformations. Here is a detailed breakdown: 1. Initial Reactant: Benzonitrile (C₆H₅CN) is the starting compound. 2. Conversion to Benzoic Acid: - The nitrile group (C≡N) undergoes hydrolysis to form benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH). 3. Formation of Acyl Chloride: - Benzoic acid reacts with thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) to give benzoyl chloride (C₆H₅COCl). 4. Reaction with Methanol: - Benzoyl chloride reacts with methanol (MeOH) to form methyl benzoate (C₆H₅COOCH₃). 5. Formation of Benzaldehyde: - Methyl benzoate undergoes a Grignard reaction with methylmagnesium bromide (MeMgBr), followed by hydrolysis (H₃O⁺), yielding benzaldehyde (C₆H₅CHO). 6. Benzamide Preparation: - Starting from methyl benzoate again, exposure to ammonia (NH₃) converts it into benzamide (C₆H₅CONH₂). 7. Additional Transformations: - Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) interacts with unspecified reactants, contributing to further transformations in the reaction scheme. This reaction scheme illustrates key transformations involving benzoic acid derivatives, showcasing the versatility of organic functional group interconversions. Each step is an important chemical technique used in synthetic organic chemistry for constructing specific compounds.
This image depicts a reaction pathway involving several organic transformations. Here is a detailed breakdown: 1. Initial Reactant: Benzonitrile (C₆H₅CN) is the starting compound. 2. Conversion to Benzoic Acid: - The nitrile group (C≡N) undergoes hydrolysis to form benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH). 3. Formation of Acyl Chloride: - Benzoic acid reacts with thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) to give benzoyl chloride (C₆H₅COCl). 4. Reaction with Methanol: - Benzoyl chloride reacts with methanol (MeOH) to form methyl benzoate (C₆H₅COOCH₃). 5. Formation of Benzaldehyde: - Methyl benzoate undergoes a Grignard reaction with methylmagnesium bromide (MeMgBr), followed by hydrolysis (H₃O⁺), yielding benzaldehyde (C₆H₅CHO). 6. Benzamide Preparation: - Starting from methyl benzoate again, exposure to ammonia (NH₃) converts it into benzamide (C₆H₅CONH₂). 7. Additional Transformations: - Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) interacts with unspecified reactants, contributing to further transformations in the reaction scheme. This reaction scheme illustrates key transformations involving benzoic acid derivatives, showcasing the versatility of organic functional group interconversions. Each step is an important chemical technique used in synthetic organic chemistry for constructing specific compounds.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
Predict some starting materials, reagents or products for the following reactions
Transcribed Image Text:This image depicts a reaction pathway involving several organic transformations. Here is a detailed breakdown:
1. Initial Reactant: Benzonitrile (C₆H₅CN) is the starting compound.
2. Conversion to Benzoic Acid:
- The nitrile group (C≡N) undergoes hydrolysis to form benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH).
3. Formation of Acyl Chloride:
- Benzoic acid reacts with thionyl chloride (SOCl₂) to give benzoyl chloride (C₆H₅COCl).
4. Reaction with Methanol:
- Benzoyl chloride reacts with methanol (MeOH) to form methyl benzoate (C₆H₅COOCH₃).
5. Formation of Benzaldehyde:
- Methyl benzoate undergoes a Grignard reaction with methylmagnesium bromide (MeMgBr), followed by hydrolysis (H₃O⁺), yielding benzaldehyde (C₆H₅CHO).
6. Benzamide Preparation:
- Starting from methyl benzoate again, exposure to ammonia (NH₃) converts it into benzamide (C₆H₅CONH₂).
7. Additional Transformations:
- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) interacts with unspecified reactants, contributing to further transformations in the reaction scheme.
This reaction scheme illustrates key transformations involving benzoic acid derivatives, showcasing the versatility of organic functional group interconversions. Each step is an important chemical technique used in synthetic organic chemistry for constructing specific compounds.
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