Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:A synthon is a concept in retrosynthetic analysis. It is defined as a structural unit within a
molecule which is related to a possible synthetic operation.
Example:
OH
bond breaks here
synthesis
Br
+
retrosynthesis
NEC Na -NaBr
Synthons
C-C bond formation
synthetic equivalents
Br
D=00
CN
OH
||
ⒸC=N
H₂O, H+
hydrolysis
do not exist
exist
functional group transformation
Common synthons:
C1 synthons: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, cyanide, formaldehyde C2
synthons: acetylene, acetaldehyde
C₂H4OH synthon: ethylene oxide
OH
Carbocation synthons: alkyl halides, carbonyl C
Carbanion synthons: Grignard reagents, organolithiums, malonic ester/acetoacetic ester, terminal
alkyne
Use the synthons listed above, propose how you would synthesis the following molecules:

Transcribed Image Text:Et
CHCO₂H
from starting material with no more than four carbon
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