Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Chemistry
Cin (mM) Cout (mM) Na 50.0 440.0 K* 400.0 20.0 52.0 560.0

Cin (mM) Cout (mM) Na 50.0 440.0 K* 400.0 20.0 52.0 560.0

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question

I struggle with this question.

**Concentration Table** This table presents the concentrations of three ions (Na\(^+\), K\(^+\), and Cl\(^-\)) inside and outside of a cell. The concentrations are measured in millimoles per liter (mM). - **Na\(^+\) (Sodium)** - Inside concentration (\(C_{in}\)): 50.0 mM - Outside concentration (\(C_{out}\)): 440.0 mM - **K\(^+\) (Potassium)** - Inside concentration (\(C_{in}\)): 400.0 mM - Outside concentration (\(C_{out}\)): 20.0 mM - **Cl\(^-\) (Chloride)** - Inside concentration (\(C_{in}\)): 52.0 mM - Outside concentration (\(C_{out}\)): 560.0 mM This table helps illustrate the typical ionic gradients found in many biological cells, which are crucial for maintaining cellular function.
Transcribed Image Text:**Concentration Table** This table presents the concentrations of three ions (Na\(^+\), K\(^+\), and Cl\(^-\)) inside and outside of a cell. The concentrations are measured in millimoles per liter (mM). - **Na\(^+\) (Sodium)** - Inside concentration (\(C_{in}\)): 50.0 mM - Outside concentration (\(C_{out}\)): 440.0 mM - **K\(^+\) (Potassium)** - Inside concentration (\(C_{in}\)): 400.0 mM - Outside concentration (\(C_{out}\)): 20.0 mM - **Cl\(^-\) (Chloride)** - Inside concentration (\(C_{in}\)): 52.0 mM - Outside concentration (\(C_{out}\)): 560.0 mM This table helps illustrate the typical ionic gradients found in many biological cells, which are crucial for maintaining cellular function.
## Calculating Equilibrium Potentials ### Equation for \( E_{Na^+} \) The equilibrium potential for sodium ions (\( E_{Na^+} \)) can be calculated using the formula: \[ E_{Na^+} = \frac{R \times T}{Z \times F} \ln \left(\frac{C_{out}}{C_{in}}\right) \] - **R (Universal Gas Constant):** 8.314 Joules K\(^{-1}\) mol\(^{-1}\) - **F (Faraday Constant):** 9.648 × 10\(^4\) Coulombs mol\(^{-1}\) ### Instructions: 1. Input the values for external and internal concentrations (\( C_{out} \) and \( C_{in} \)). 2. Click "Calculate" to get the result for \( E_{Na^+} \). ### Task: Calculate the successive equilibrium potentials for \( Na^+ \), \( K^+ \), and \( Cl^-\) at 20°C. For more detailed guidance, refer to the LabPad. ### Notes: - **Progress:** 33% - Ensure you raise the LabPad for further instructions. #### Important: Ensure accuracy in entering the values for concentrations to obtain correct equilibrium potential results.
Transcribed Image Text:## Calculating Equilibrium Potentials ### Equation for \( E_{Na^+} \) The equilibrium potential for sodium ions (\( E_{Na^+} \)) can be calculated using the formula: \[ E_{Na^+} = \frac{R \times T}{Z \times F} \ln \left(\frac{C_{out}}{C_{in}}\right) \] - **R (Universal Gas Constant):** 8.314 Joules K\(^{-1}\) mol\(^{-1}\) - **F (Faraday Constant):** 9.648 × 10\(^4\) Coulombs mol\(^{-1}\) ### Instructions: 1. Input the values for external and internal concentrations (\( C_{out} \) and \( C_{in} \)). 2. Click "Calculate" to get the result for \( E_{Na^+} \). ### Task: Calculate the successive equilibrium potentials for \( Na^+ \), \( K^+ \), and \( Cl^-\) at 20°C. For more detailed guidance, refer to the LabPad. ### Notes: - **Progress:** 33% - Ensure you raise the LabPad for further instructions. #### Important: Ensure accuracy in entering the values for concentrations to obtain correct equilibrium potential results.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS