Choose the words that make the sentence most accurate. When reconstructing phylogenies, you should use ___________ traits because they are _______________.   a. homologous; similar due to common ancestry.   b. homoplastic; similar due to common ancestry.   c. homoplastic; similar due to environmental constraints.   d. homologous; similar due to environmental constraints.

Q: Notice that a couple of things are different from the previous charts. Firstly, the derived traits…

A: Maximum parsimony method is based upon the principle of minimum number of steps. The correct tree is…

Q: Traditionally morphological features are used to construct phylogenic trees of related species. In…

A: Evolution is a continuous process and we are still evolving. Evolution is nothing but adapting to…

Q: When comparing traits between two organisms in order to determine evolutionary relationships, the…

A: When traits of organisms are compared to identify evolutionary relationships, they could be…

Q: Which of the following is/are TRUE in phylogenetic analysis? O O O O O O O A. In a phylogram, the…

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A: A Phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic illustration which represents how species are closely related…

Q: People studying fossils have to employ which of the following species concepts?   a. The…

A: In order to study the fossils,the phylogenetic species concept is employed. Hence option (c) is…

Q: What name is used to describe a species that exhibits the ancestral state for every trait observed?…

A: Species is a group of individuals that can mate together.

Q: Estimate the phylogeny of these taxa by plotting the changes on each of the three possible…

A: Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a species or group from pre-existing related organisms.…

Q: Based on cladistic analysis: a. paraphyletic and monophyletic groups are equally valid. b. a shared…

A: A phylogenetic tree is the one which is used for the determination of evolutionary relationship…

Q: outgroup A B с F 11 O 2 3 7 9 0 co 1 - DI EI O 1 1 O Species 0 + Mushroom 0 0 0 0 00 A O O O O >> -…

A: The phylogenetic tree is the diagrammatic representation of the evolutionary relationship between…

Q: Consider the cladograms below   Which species is extinct in both cladograms? In which cladogram…

A: A cladogram is the graphical representation of the hypothetical relationship (phylogenetic…

Q: What kind of trait is important to cladistics? a. shared derived traits b. shared ancestral traits…

A: The term phylogeny describes the evolutionary relationship shared among organisms. The taxonomic…

Q: Match items in the column that mostly related to each other. i. homology ii. biogeography iii.…

A: Homology can be defined;  as a similarilty in the structures or organ present between different…

Q: Based on the phylogenetic tree, if you go back in time and look for species B, you will find that…

A: Phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic tree which indicates the evolutionary relationship between…

Q: A trait matrix is below. Using the trait matrix, match the taxa to the letters at the branch tips.…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic illustration which determines how two species are closely…

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A: Anthropomorphism refers to the attribution of human characteristics, behaviors, or emotions to…

Q: Two different plants, cactus from the desert southwest USA and a euphorb from South Africa, have…

A: Given information: Two different plants, cactus from the desert southwest USA and a euphorb from…

Q: Before investigating relationships among groups on a tree, first orient yourself to the flow of…

A: Evolution is a continuous process and we are still evolving. Evolution is nothing but adapting to…

Q: Assuming chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans (Homo sapiens) are more closely related to each…

A: A cladogram is a branching tree-like representation that shows how organisms/ species are related to…

Q: Part 1: Which species is the basal species (outgroup)? Part 2: The dominant trait for texture for…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 sub-parts, we’ll answer the first 3. Please resubmit the question and…

Q: Paraphyletic groups

A: Answer: Paraphyletic is a term used in evolutionary biology to describe a group of animals which…

Q: Sieve tubes and sieve elements are a. homoplastic because they have different function. b.…

A: Pholem is a permanent vascular tissue system associated with the conduction/transport of food…

Q: 15. Which of the following is the disadvaniage of using morphological structure in classifying…

A: Classification of organism is classifying organisms based on their kingdom, phylum, class, order,…

Q: What type of features do you feel should be used to classify humans as a species? please answer…

A: Modern taxonomic classification system has 8 main levels.  Domain     Kingdom        Phylum…

Q: A student lists statements about how a species adapts to the environment. One statement needs to be…

A: Genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population),…

Q: Construct a cladogram from 3. Explain how EACH of the following could have played a role in the…

A: Answer-----

Q: For the Xenites, consider what appear to be homologies and analogies. Figure out the order of…

A: Evolution is a natural process that includes several changes over many generations in the…

Q: What do scientists use to apply cladistics? a. homologous traits b. homoplasies c. analogous traits…

A: The changes in the characteristics of species over a course of time are called evolution. A…

Q: Given the phylogeny below: Fill in the table according to the principle of parsimony. For example,…

A: The table represents the principle of parsimony, which is a fundamental principle in evolutionary…

Q: 2500 yrs: Moar mutations! mutations! mutations! Time Tolerant of low pH Low pH (acidic) L Year 1000…

A: The individuals that can interbreed are considered as same species and group of individuals of same…

Q: A. The evolutionary history of a species is its ____, but ____ is the science that groups and names…

A: Introduction Taxonomy is a stream of biological sciences, It refers to the science of naming,…

Q: turtles, lizards, snakes crocodiles dinosaurs parental care keratinized skin amniote egg bipedalsm…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a diagrammatic representation which determines how taxons are related to each…

Q: 7. While there are many criteria to describe the difference between two species, thế biological…

A: A species is characterized as the group  of organism in which any two individuals of the different…

Q: A phylogenetic tree shows how long a given species has existed. Group of answer choices:   True…

A: The phylogenetic tree represents the evolutionary relationships among the different biological…

Q: Q1: It is a group descending from one common ancestor  A. Monophyletic B. Polyphyletic C.…

A: • Monophyletic : The taxon that includes organisms that descended from a single common ancestor is…

Q: Questions 1. How many total changes are required for each tree ? 2. Given your answer to question 1,…

A: A phylogenetic tree is a diagram representing evolutionary links between species. In a phylogenetic…

Q: Your classmate is confused about the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation. Briefly…

A: Introduction:  A species is a group of organisms with similar characteristics and can interbreed to…

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A: Human evolution kick started 40 million years ago with Parapithecus, the common ancestor of man, ape…

Q: Which trait(s) shown on the phylogeny are ancestral for the organisms shown? Select all correct…

A: The trait at the branch point is the ancestral trait shared by the descendant or sister groups.

Q: hich method of building phylogenetic trees relies only on minimizing the number of evolutionary…

A: Phylogenetic tree is that tree in which there are found evolutionary relationship between the taxons…

Q: Draw a possible unrooted tree that is the most parsimonious and use the table to do so. Explain why…

A: Points to know about cladistics: Evolutionary relationship of organisms is referred yo as…

Q: A cladogram or phylogenetic tree is used to classify organisms into groups based on their shared…

A: A cladogram or a phylogenetic tree is a type of evolutionary tree showing representation or…

Q: Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion to all parts 1. What are the wings of birds and…

A: Convergent evolution is the process through which disparate species independently develop comparable…