### Drawing a Lewis Structure for \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) **Objective:** Create a Lewis structure for the sulfate ion \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) ensuring that the central sulfur (S) atom follows the octet rule. **Guidelines:** - Include all valence lone pairs in your drawing. - Include all nonzero formal charges. - You may use the square brackets tool in your answer. **Drawing Tools Overview:** Below the instructions is an interface with various drawing tools and functionalities. Here is a breakdown of the available tools: 1. **Selection Tool:** Click to select and manipulate components in your drawing. 2. **Eraser:** Use this to erase any mistakes. 3. **Undo/Redo:** Steps to revert or reapply actions taken. 4. **Zoom In/Out:** Helps in zooming into specific areas for detailed work. 5. **Copy/Paste:** Enables easy duplication and movement of drawing parts. 6. **Element Tool (C):** Select different elements to place them on the canvas. 7. **Bond Tools (+):** Options to add single, double, or triple bonds between atoms. 8. **Shape Tools:** Various shapes like rings (hexagon, pentagon) to aid in drawing complex structures. 9. **Lone Pair Tool:** Add lone pairs of electrons to atoms. 10. **Bracket Tool:** Used to encapsulate the entire \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) structure in brackets to denote it's an ion with a net charge. **Instructions for Drawing the \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) Ion:** 1. **Sulfur Atom (S):** Place the sulfur atom in the center. 2. **Oxygen Atoms (O):** Surround the sulfur atom with four oxygen atoms. 3. **Bonding:** Draw single bonds between the sulfur atom and each of the four oxygen atoms. 4. **Octet Rule:** Ensure that each oxygen atom has three lone pairs initially to follow the octet rule (sulfur may have an expanded octet if necessary). 5. **Formal Charges:** Calculate formal charges to ensure the most stable structure: - The sulfur atom should have formal charges accounted for (in this case, a neutral formal charge for each oxygen may suggest double bonds for two oxygen atoms and single bonds with additional lone pairs for the remaining two oxygen atoms). 6
### Drawing a Lewis Structure for \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) **Objective:** Create a Lewis structure for the sulfate ion \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) ensuring that the central sulfur (S) atom follows the octet rule. **Guidelines:** - Include all valence lone pairs in your drawing. - Include all nonzero formal charges. - You may use the square brackets tool in your answer. **Drawing Tools Overview:** Below the instructions is an interface with various drawing tools and functionalities. Here is a breakdown of the available tools: 1. **Selection Tool:** Click to select and manipulate components in your drawing. 2. **Eraser:** Use this to erase any mistakes. 3. **Undo/Redo:** Steps to revert or reapply actions taken. 4. **Zoom In/Out:** Helps in zooming into specific areas for detailed work. 5. **Copy/Paste:** Enables easy duplication and movement of drawing parts. 6. **Element Tool (C):** Select different elements to place them on the canvas. 7. **Bond Tools (+):** Options to add single, double, or triple bonds between atoms. 8. **Shape Tools:** Various shapes like rings (hexagon, pentagon) to aid in drawing complex structures. 9. **Lone Pair Tool:** Add lone pairs of electrons to atoms. 10. **Bracket Tool:** Used to encapsulate the entire \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) structure in brackets to denote it's an ion with a net charge. **Instructions for Drawing the \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) Ion:** 1. **Sulfur Atom (S):** Place the sulfur atom in the center. 2. **Oxygen Atoms (O):** Surround the sulfur atom with four oxygen atoms. 3. **Bonding:** Draw single bonds between the sulfur atom and each of the four oxygen atoms. 4. **Octet Rule:** Ensure that each oxygen atom has three lone pairs initially to follow the octet rule (sulfur may have an expanded octet if necessary). 5. **Formal Charges:** Calculate formal charges to ensure the most stable structure: - The sulfur atom should have formal charges accounted for (in this case, a neutral formal charge for each oxygen may suggest double bonds for two oxygen atoms and single bonds with additional lone pairs for the remaining two oxygen atoms). 6
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:### Drawing a Lewis Structure for \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \)
**Objective:**
Create a Lewis structure for the sulfate ion \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) ensuring that the central sulfur (S) atom follows the octet rule.
**Guidelines:**
- Include all valence lone pairs in your drawing.
- Include all nonzero formal charges.
- You may use the square brackets tool in your answer.
**Drawing Tools Overview:**
Below the instructions is an interface with various drawing tools and functionalities. Here is a breakdown of the available tools:
1. **Selection Tool:** Click to select and manipulate components in your drawing.
2. **Eraser:** Use this to erase any mistakes.
3. **Undo/Redo:** Steps to revert or reapply actions taken.
4. **Zoom In/Out:** Helps in zooming into specific areas for detailed work.
5. **Copy/Paste:** Enables easy duplication and movement of drawing parts.
6. **Element Tool (C):** Select different elements to place them on the canvas.
7. **Bond Tools (+):** Options to add single, double, or triple bonds between atoms.
8. **Shape Tools:** Various shapes like rings (hexagon, pentagon) to aid in drawing complex structures.
9. **Lone Pair Tool:** Add lone pairs of electrons to atoms.
10. **Bracket Tool:** Used to encapsulate the entire \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) structure in brackets to denote it's an ion with a net charge.
**Instructions for Drawing the \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) Ion:**
1. **Sulfur Atom (S):** Place the sulfur atom in the center.
2. **Oxygen Atoms (O):** Surround the sulfur atom with four oxygen atoms.
3. **Bonding:** Draw single bonds between the sulfur atom and each of the four oxygen atoms.
4. **Octet Rule:** Ensure that each oxygen atom has three lone pairs initially to follow the octet rule (sulfur may have an expanded octet if necessary).
5. **Formal Charges:** Calculate formal charges to ensure the most stable structure:
- The sulfur atom should have formal charges accounted for (in this case, a neutral formal charge for each oxygen may suggest double bonds for two oxygen atoms and single bonds with additional lone pairs for the remaining two oxygen atoms).
6
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