Calculate the ratio of the molecules in the excited state and the ground state for of a two level system at 25 °C with an energy gap of 10-21 J, assuming a) b) Both states are non-degenerate. The ground state is non-degenerate, and the excited state is 3-fold degenerate.
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- Consider a system with 1000 particles that can only have two energies, ɛ, and with ɛ, > E,. The difference between these two values is Aɛ = ɛ, -& . Assume that gi = g2 = 1. Using the %3D %3D equation for the Boltzmann distribution graph the number of particles, ni and m, in states & n2, E and E, as a function of temperature for a Aɛ = 1×10-2' J and for a temperature range from 2 to 300 K. (Note: kg = 1.380x10-23 J K-!. %3D %3D (s,-s,) gLe Aɛ/ n2 or = e n,Consider a classical ideal gas of N diatomic heterogeneous molecules at temperature T. The charac- teristic rotational energy parameter is € = 1 and the natural frequency of vibrations is wo. Consider the temperature region where T≫er/kB, but T is of the order of ħwo/kB. Ignore contributions from all other internal modes. Calculate the canonical partition function, the average energy, and the heat capacity at constant volume, Cv.The Z factor is approximately the same for all gases at the same reduced temperature and reduced pressure.
- Calculate the partition function of a two-level system at 25 °C with an energy gap of 10-2¹ J, assuming: a) Both states are non-degenerate. b) The ground state is non-degenerate, and the excited state is 3-fold degenerate.The exact differential for the Gibbs energy is given by dG = -SdT + VdP. The form of this differential implies which of the following relationships? O (7),- (), ƏG Әт ƏG др P T (37), - - (-), P T as ( x) - (*), = др T (327), = -(0)₁ == P TThe probability of finding an N2 molecule at ambient temperature at 515 m/s is zero. True or False?