Booth Company had sales in 2020 of $1,875,000 on 75,000 units. Variable costs totaled $1,125,000 and fixed costs totaled $500,000. A new raw material is available that will decrease the variable costs per unit by 20% (or $3.00). However, to process the new raw material, fixed operating costs will increase by $125,000. Management feels that two-thirds of the decline in the variable costs per unit should be passed on to customers in the form of a sales price reduction. The marketing department expects that this sales price reduction will result in a 4% increase in the number of units sold. Prepare a projected CVP income statement for 2020 assuming that changes are made as described.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
Booth Company had sales in 2020 of $1,875,000 on 75,000 units. Variable costs totaled $1,125,000 and fixed costs totaled $500,000.
A new raw material is available that will decrease the variable costs per unit by 20% (or $3.00). However, to process the new raw material, fixed operating costs will increase by $125,000. Management feels that two-thirds of the decline in the variable costs per unit should be passed on to customers in the form of a sales price reduction. The marketing department expects that this sales price reduction will result in a 4% increase in the number of units sold.
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Before booth company has the chance to implement of the new raw material, new industry specifications were announced and result in the following changes for the Booth Company. Variable costs will increase by 15% per unit and fixed costs will increase by $46,000. Management feels that a $3 per unit price increase is needed to accommodate the cost increases. However, this will result in a 10% decrease in units sold. Prepare a CVP income statement assuming these changes have been made.
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