Scenario: In a species of butterflies, the allele for red wings (R) is dominant over blue wings (r) and the allele for long antennae (T) is dominant over short antennae (t). You cross starting two pure- breeding lineages, one that has red wings and short antennae and the other that has blue wings and long antennae. You then do a test cross of the F1 to determine whether the traits are linked. You collect 10 red-winged butterflies with long antennae, 9 red-winged butterflies with short antennae, 8 blue-winged butterflies with long antennae, and 5 blue-winged butterflies with short antennae. Use a chi-square test to evaluate whether the two traits are unlinked. Report your results by completing the following: • Expected # red wings, long antennae • Expected # blue wings, long antennae · Expected # red wings, short antennae • Expected # blue wings, short antennae Calculate your chi-square value and bring it to class but don't report it here. How many degrees of freedom? Accept or reject the null hypothesis?

Q: In kangaroos, pouched kangaroos (P) are dc bushy tail of unknown genotype so you dec kangaroos have…

A: Given that, P is the dominant allele for pouched kangaroos whereas p is the recessive allele for…

Q: A) Calculate genotype frequencies of RR; Rr and rr in the population.      B) Calculate the allele…

A: This data is comprised with Incomplete Dominance.  Incomplete Dominance: In this type of…

Q: You now take an F1 female and cross her to a true-breeding black, wingless male. What is his…

A: Given DataB for Brownb for BlackW for normal wingsw for wingless.I am takingB = Ab = a W =Ww =…

Q: In a cross between a 29cm plant and a 20cm plant what would be the genotypes giving the smallest…

A: Height in plants is a polygenic trait, in which one phenotype is influenced by more than one gene.…

Q: In hyenas, long manes (a) are recessive to short manes (A) and having round ears (b) is recessive to…

A: GIVEN- 1. Short manes is a dominant trait and is designated by A. 2. Long manes is a recessive trait…

Q: picture shows the results of a cross between a tall pea plant and a short pea plant. Q. What…

A: Backcross is a type of cross in which F1 generation is crossed with recessive parent.

Q: Given the following pathway on the image: G and H are dominant alleles of the two independently…

A: In the case of polygenic inheritance the characteristics of a particular phenotype is determined by…

Q: The results of a test cross of a plant that is heterozygous for three traits encoded by the genes D,…

A: Physical mapping is used to find the order of genes and the distance between genes in the DNA…

Q: spring in box X?

A: The relationship between two versions of a gene is referred to as dominant. Each parent gives each…

Q: A homozygous tall plant (T) bearing red coloured ( R) flowers is crossed with homozygous dwarf plant…

A: According to Mendelian inheritance, a single character is controlled by one or more genes and each…

Q: Suppose that you have 72 F2 flies from a cross, and expected that they would show a phenotype ratio…

A: This 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio is the classic Mendelian ratio for a dihybrid cross in which the…

Q: The MN blood group in humans is characterized by the antigen glycoprotein found at the surface of…

A: If the F1 generation exhibits both antigens, it is Dominant type So, MN X MN should give: MM, MN,…

Q: A diploid wheat cultivar resistant to brown rust (a common wheat disease) is crossed with a variety…

A: These genes can be explained by a dihybrid cross between selfing the F1 generation is resistant and…

Q: In a species of the cat family, eye colour can be gray, blue, green or brown, and each colour is…

A: Given:

Q: black, straight 17 yellow, curved 12 black, curved 337 yellow, straight 364 What is the map distance…

A:

Q: hen crossing a true breeding white mouse with a true breeding brown mouse your friend tells you she…

A: Genes are the functional unit of heredity. They contain information that is transferred from one…

Q: In sweet pea plant, an allele for purple flowers(P) is dominant when paired with a recessive allele…

A: Heredity is a process through which organisms have their parents' traits. The characteristics that…

Q: In tomato plants, round fruit (R) is dominant to oval fruit (r). Pure breeding plants with red and…

A: An allele can be recessive or dominant & in the given question two pairs of allele are mentioned…

Q: In the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster red eye is dominant to white eye. A student wishes to…

A: The alleles are generally of dominant and recessive type and some other forms like codominant are…

Q: Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed color in garden pea plants. What F, offspring…

A: The seed color in pea plants can be yellow or green and these phenotypes are encoded by allele Y and…

Q: Imagine you are performing a cross involving gerden pea plants. What F1 offspring would you expect…

A: Some important terms:  Homozygous state:  two same alleles for a gene, for example, AA( homozygous…

Q: Consider the imaginary trait, bristles with split-ends, a trait hypothesized to be X-linked…

A: Introduction :- A dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome in a process known as X-linked…

Q: You are doing a genetics experiment with Drosophlia melanogaster, the fruit fly. In the "P"…

A: Given- 1. The female Drosophila is brown and wingless. 2. The male Drosophila is black and normal…

Q: Mapping three genes in a single cross: generic a, b, c mutant loci (a+, b+, c+ = wild type).…

A:

Q: True breeding eggplant plants producing deep, purple colored fruit are crossed with true breeding…

A: In Mendelian genetics, the hereditary of characteristics is due to the effect of inheritance.  The…

Q: Feather colour in parakeets is controlled by two genes. Blue colour (B) is dominant over absence of…

A: Feather color of parakeets is controlled by two genes.  Blue color , B is dominant over absence of…

Q: Pigeons display a high color variety, here we try to understand the genetic basis of mixed red &…

A: This question explores the genetic basis of mixed red and black stippling of the feathers (kitey)…

Q: . Figure  shows the results of a dihybrid cross involving seed shape and seed color. Q. What…

A: Introduction  Sir Gregor Mendel is known as Father of Genetics. He was the pioneer scientist who…

Q: Phenotype Number of Offspring Wide wing, gray 536 Wide wing, brown 45 Narrow wing, gray 75 Narrow…

A: Diploid organisms have two copies of chromosomes, one from each parent. Therefore, some autosomal…

Q: . In common wheat, Triticum aestivum, kernel color is determined by multiply duplicated genes, each…

A: The genes in the DNA code for a specific trait. Each gene has two alternative forms called alleles…

Q: Vith three COlors: Red, Yellow, and Green. You cross a true-breeding Red line and a true- breeding…

A: The solution of this question can be applied by using basic principles of genetics given by the…

Q: You have been working with a species of giant moths. You've found that Dark color (D) is dominant to…

A: Test cross When progeny is crossed with recessive parent then it is called test cross.

Q: Suppose a species of tulip has three alleles for the gene that codes for flower color. The CR allele…

A: A trait is a characteristic features that is unique to particular individual . In tulip , there are…

Q: In a type of bean plant, the trait for yellow pods (B) for yellow pods is crossed with a plant that…

A: given  dominant- trait for yellow pod (B) recessive- trait for green pod (b) heterozygous yellow pod…

Q: Upon performing the F₁ cross, the F2 generation consists of 10 individuals, all of whom are…

A: Probability is the chance of finding the outcomes. Two rules exist for probability- the sum rule and…

Q: Let's do one more monohybrid cross. Suppose these is a gene in chickens that controls whether their…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve the first three sub-parts…

Q: In fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), the bn+ allele for normal dull red eyes is dominant to the…

A: The alleles are the alternative forms of a gene that are located on the same locus of a homologous…

Q: You cross a black dog which is homozygous dominant for two genes B and E (B determines pigment…

A: The Principle of Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from…

Q: In a mystical bird species, birds with the dominant allele C are white, whereas birds homozygous for…

A: Introduction  A dihybrid cross is a genetic cross between two individuals who differ in two traits…

Q: We have crossed true-breeding flies today. Wild type to mutant. Their phenotypes were wt and vg se.…

A: In a genetic experiment involving true-breeding flies, we have crossed individuals with wild-type…

Q: d. white; if the genotype of the parent in question is Aa, it is likely 9. A yellow Labrador…

A: The coat colour in Labrador are black, brown and yellow. It is governed by 2 genes, B and e gene.…

Q: The trait of medium-sized leaves in iris is determined by the heterozygous genotype TRIT. Plants…

A: Dear student answer of your question is given below:  Given:  Plants with large leaves has a…

Q: In wild sunflowers, populations occur that are either yellow flowers (wild type) or white flowers.…

A: A trait is a characteristic feature that is unique to specific individual. Each trait is represented…

Q: he genotype and phenotype for F1 and F2 generations. B- Using a Punnett Square show the cross…

A: Punnett squares help us to solve the genetic crosses related to classical genetics. It represents…

Q: Red-flowering snapdragons are homozygous for allele R1. White-flowering snapdragons are homozygous…

A: Introduction :- Homozygous inheritance is a genetic condition in which a person inherits the same…

Q: In watermelons, bitter fruit (B) is dominant over sweet fruit (b), andyellow spots (S) are dominant…

A: Genetic cross devised by Mendel helps to understand the manner, in which the genes combine and…

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.

Quantitative Genetics

Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.