Batch processes are often used in chemical and pharmaceutical operations to achieve a desired chemical composition for the final product and typically involve a transient heating operation to take the product from room temperature to the desired process temperature. Consider a situation for which a chemical of density ρ = 1200 kg/m3 and specific heat Cp = 2200 J/kg·K occupies a volume of V = 2.25 m3 in an insulated vessel. The chemical is to be heated from room temperature, Ti = 300 K, to a process temperature of T = 450 K by passing saturated steam at Th = 500 K through a coiled, thin-walled, 20-mm-diameter tube in the vessel. Steam condensation within the tube maintains an interior convection coefficient of hi = 10, 000 W/m2·K, while the highly agitated liquid in the stirred vessel maintains an outside convection coefficient of ho = 2000 W/m2·K. Determine the amount of time required to heat the chemical using a lumped system approximation.
Batch processes are often used in chemical and pharmaceutical operations to achieve a desired chemical composition for the final product and typically involve a transient heating operation to take the product from room temperature to the desired process temperature. Consider a situation for which a chemical of density ρ = 1200 kg/m3 and specific heat Cp = 2200 J/kg·K occupies a volume of V = 2.25 m3 in an insulated vessel. The chemical is to be heated from room temperature, Ti = 300 K, to a process temperature of T = 450 K by passing saturated steam at Th = 500 K through a coiled, thin-walled, 20-mm-diameter tube in the vessel. Steam condensation within the tube maintains an interior convection coefficient of hi = 10, 000 W/m2·K, while the highly agitated liquid in the stirred vessel maintains an outside convection coefficient of ho = 2000 W/m2·K.
Determine the amount of time required to heat the chemical using a lumped system approximation.
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