This is Biochemistry, there is a max of 3 parts for the question due to guidelines. Please answer each section to the best of your ability. Please provide thorough and clear work with answers. Thank you. 1. a)Energetics of the electron transport. In the oxidative phaseof oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are passed from NADH andultimately to molecular oxygen through an electron transport chaincomprised of multiple redox centers. Assume that an electron is passedthrough the chain along the route shown below. Clearly, there are stepsmissing, but we will skip those to emphasize the energetics of the electrontransport. Calculate DE° and DG" for each electron transfer step andrecord the values in the table. The reduction potentials for each of theredox centers are given in table 11.1. (F=96.4 kJ/V mol)Route:1NADH à (Fe-S)N-5,6 à Coenzyme Q à Cytochrome c, àCytochrome a3 à O,Table 11.1 STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS (E°') FOR SELECTEDELECTRON CARRIERS IN THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEMElectron carriersNAD + H+ +2e → NADHComplex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase)Fe-S (N-1b)Fe-S (N-3.4)Fe-S (N-5,6)Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase)FAD + 2 H+2e → FADH₂ (enzyme bound)Fe-S (S-1)Cytochrome b560Coenzyme Q + 2H+ + 2 eComplex III (ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase)Cytochrome bCytochrome bFe-SCytochrome c₁Cytochrome c (Cyt c)Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase)Cytochrome aCUACytochrome aO₂+ 2H+2e →H₂OE" (V)-0.32-0.25-0.24-0.27-0.04-0.03-0.08+0.04+0.03-0.03+0.28+0.21+0.23+0.21+0.24+0.38+0.82Direction of e flowe transferred from à toNADH à (Fe-S)N-5,6(Fe-S)N-3,6 à Coenzyme QCoenzyme Q à Cytochrome clCytochrome cl à Cytochrome a3|Cytochrome a3à 02E-nF E=GⓇ 1. a)Energetics of the electron transport. In the oxidative phaseof oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are passed from NADH andultimately to molecular oxygen through an electron transport chaincomprised of multiple redox centers. Assume that an electron is passedthrough the chain along the route shown below. Clearly, there are stepsmissing, but we will skip those to emphasize the energetics of the electrontransport. Calculate DE° and DG" for each electron transfer step andrecord the values in the table. The reduction potentials for each of theredox centers are given in table 11.1. (F=96.4 kJ/V mol)Route:1NADH à (Fe-S)N-5,6 à Coenzyme Q à Cytochrome c, àCytochrome a3 à O,Table 11.1 STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS (E°') FOR SELECTEDELECTRON CARRIERS IN THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEMElectron carriersNAD + H+ +2e → NADHComplex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase)Fe-S (N-1b)Fe-S (N-3.4)Fe-S (N-5,6)Complex II (succinate dehydrogenase)FAD + 2 H+2e → FADH₂ (enzyme bound)Fe-S (S-1)Cytochrome b560Coenzyme Q + 2H+ + 2 eComplex III (ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase)Cytochrome bCytochrome bFe-SCytochrome c₁Cytochrome c (Cyt c)Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase)Cytochrome aCUACytochrome aO₂+ 2H+2e →H₂OE" (V)-0.32-0.25-0.24-0.27-0.04-0.03-0.08+0.04+0.03-0.03+0.28+0.21+0.23+0.21+0.24+0.38+0.82Direction of e flowe transferred from à toNADH à (Fe-S)N-5,6(Fe-S)N-3,6 à Coenzyme QCoenzyme Q à Cytochrome clCytochrome cl à Cytochrome a3|Cytochrome a3à 02E-nF E=GⓇ

Standard change in Gibbs free energy ( ) of redox reactions can be found, if we know the standard…

b. Write a paragraph or bullet point list to go along with the figure 11.8b describing the role of each of the blue proteins/enzymes shown in the picture. 11.8b b. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycerol-3-P Glycerol-3-P dehydrogenase Succinate dehydrogenase KAKOR 1000000 JOLANTOLA FADH, FADH₂ Fumarate Succinate Citrate cycle 2e 2H- FADH₂ Fatty acids Acetyl-CoA 2H 4 H+ 111 Intermembrane ETF-Q oxidoreductase space 2x1e Cytc 2x1e 2 e 2H+O₂ H₂O 2 H matrix 2 H Mitochondrial C. What is the main function of the electron transport chain and why do the electrons always flow from complex I to complex III to complex IV to oxygen? (1-2 sentences)

b. Write a paragraph or bullet point list to go along with the figure 11.8b describing the role of each of the blue proteins/enzymes shown in the picture. 11.8b b. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate Glycerol-3-P Glycerol-3-P dehydrogenase Succinate dehydrogenase KAKOR 1000000 JOLANTOLA FADH, FADH₂ Fumarate Succinate Citrate cycle 2e 2H- FADH₂ Fatty acids Acetyl-CoA 2H 4 H+ 111 Intermembrane ETF-Q oxidoreductase space 2x1e Cytc 2x1e 2 e 2H+O₂ H₂O 2 H matrix 2 H Mitochondrial C. What is the main function of the electron transport chain and why do the electrons always flow from complex I to complex III to complex IV to oxygen? (1-2 sentences)

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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