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axis is the congestion window size (segments), and x axis is the transmission round). Assuming that TCP Reno is the protocol experiencing the behavior shown above, answer the following questions. 18 16 14 12 10 00 8 6 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1) Identify the intervals of time when TCP slow start is operating. 2) After the 5th transmission round, is segment loss detected by a triple duplicate ACK or by a timeout? 3) What is the value of Threshold at the 7th transmission round? 4) What is the value of Threshold at the 15th transmission round?

axis is the congestion window size (segments), and x axis is the transmission round). Assuming that TCP Reno is the protocol experiencing the behavior shown above, answer the following questions. 18 16 14 12 10 00 8 6 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1) Identify the intervals of time when TCP slow start is operating. 2) After the 5th transmission round, is segment loss detected by a triple duplicate ACK or by a timeout? 3) What is the value of Threshold at the 7th transmission round? 4) What is the value of Threshold at the 15th transmission round?

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN:9780133594140
Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...
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### TCP Reno Window Size Analysis #### Overview The graph depicts the TCP window size over time, where the y-axis represents the congestion window size in segments, and the x-axis indicates the transmission round. This visualization helps analyze TCP Reno’s behavior regarding window size adjustments. #### Graph Explanation - **X-axis (Transmission Round):** Ranges from 1 to 20. - **Y-axis (Congestion Window Size):** Ranges from 0 to 18 segments. - The graph shows fluctuations in the window size, depicting phases of exponential growth, reduction, and linear increase. #### Questions and Answers 1. **Identify the intervals of time when TCP slow start is operating.** - TCP slow start is typically identified by an exponential increase in window size. In the graph, this occurs from the 1st to the 4th transmission rounds. 2. **After the 5th transmission round, is segment loss detected by a triple duplicate ACK or by a timeout?** - At the 5th transmission round, there is a sharp decrease in window size, indicating detection by a timeout, as this results in resetting to 1 segment. 3. **What is the value of Threshold at the 7th transmission round?** - The graph indicates a decrease preceding linear growth after the 5th round. The threshold value, where slow start transitions to congestion avoidance (linear growth), is 8 segments at the 7th round. 4. **What is the value of Threshold at the 15th transmission round?** - A similar drop occurs after the 13th transmission round, resetting and then climbing linearly. Thus, the threshold at the 15th round is also 8 segments. This graph demystifies the TCP Reno protocol’s adaptive nature in managing congestion, highlighting crucial phases of slow start, congestion avoidance, and packet loss recovery.
Transcribed Image Text:### TCP Reno Window Size Analysis #### Overview The graph depicts the TCP window size over time, where the y-axis represents the congestion window size in segments, and the x-axis indicates the transmission round. This visualization helps analyze TCP Reno’s behavior regarding window size adjustments. #### Graph Explanation - **X-axis (Transmission Round):** Ranges from 1 to 20. - **Y-axis (Congestion Window Size):** Ranges from 0 to 18 segments. - The graph shows fluctuations in the window size, depicting phases of exponential growth, reduction, and linear increase. #### Questions and Answers 1. **Identify the intervals of time when TCP slow start is operating.** - TCP slow start is typically identified by an exponential increase in window size. In the graph, this occurs from the 1st to the 4th transmission rounds. 2. **After the 5th transmission round, is segment loss detected by a triple duplicate ACK or by a timeout?** - At the 5th transmission round, there is a sharp decrease in window size, indicating detection by a timeout, as this results in resetting to 1 segment. 3. **What is the value of Threshold at the 7th transmission round?** - The graph indicates a decrease preceding linear growth after the 5th round. The threshold value, where slow start transitions to congestion avoidance (linear growth), is 8 segments at the 7th round. 4. **What is the value of Threshold at the 15th transmission round?** - A similar drop occurs after the 13th transmission round, resetting and then climbing linearly. Thus, the threshold at the 15th round is also 8 segments. This graph demystifies the TCP Reno protocol’s adaptive nature in managing congestion, highlighting crucial phases of slow start, congestion avoidance, and packet loss recovery.
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