An iron nail has a mass of 15.0 g. What is the energy (in Joules) that would be required to break all the iron nuclei into their constituent protons and neutrons? Ignore the energy that binds the electrons to the nucleus and the energy that binds one atom to another in the structure of the metal. For simplicity, assume that all the iron nuclei are 56 Fe 26 (atomic mass = 55.934 939 u).
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- Some nucleus of ¹90X (atomic mass = 189.96182 u) undergoes - decay to become ¹9X1 (atomic mass = 189.95844 u). What is the energy (in MeV) released in this process? Number i Parent nucleus N Z+ Units Daughter nucleus N-1 Z+1+ B particle (electron) +The theoretical amount of energy that could be obtained from the complete destruction(annihilation) of 1 kilogram of a substance in a nuclear reaction is close to:A. 3 x 10^8 J B. 6x10^12 J C. 3 x 10^16 J D. 9 x 10^16 JThe nuclei of both 3H and 3He have radii of 1.5 ×10−15 m. With what minimum speedmust the electron be ejected if it is to escape from the nucleus and not fall back?
- 99At the end of its life, a star with a mass of two times the Sun’s mass is expected to collapse, combining its protons and electrons to form a neutron star. Such a star could be thought of as a gigantic atomic nucleus.If a star of mass 2 × 1.99 × 1030 kg collapsed into neutrons (mn = 1.67 × 10−27 kg), what would its radius be? Assume r = r0 A1/3.The uranium decay series from U-238 to stable lead (Pb-206) is: 238 U → 234Th → *Pa → 92 U → 0 Th → Ra → Rn → Th → Pb → Bi → Po → 92 88 86 210Pb → 210 Bi → °Po → 2 Pb 82 83 84 Of the 15 nuclei from U-238 to Pb-206, list those radionuclides that are alpha-particle emitters, and those that are beta-particle emitters. State your reasons.
- 211 211 A 83 Bi nucleus undergoes alpha decay according to the reaction Bi → 0 TI + He. Determine the following. (Let the atomic 81 207 mass of Bi be 210.9873 u, the atomic mass of 0 TI be 206.9774 u and the atomic mass of He be 4.0026 u.) 211 81 (a) Q value (in MeV) for the process (Enter your answer to at least two decimal places.) MeV (b) Kinetic energy (in MeV) of the alpha particle after the decay (Enter your answer to at least two decimal places.) MeV (c) Kinetic energy (in MeV) of the daughter nucleus after the decay MeVUse the below values for this problem. Please note that the mass for H is for the entire atom (proton & electron). Neutron: m = 1.67493x10-27 kg = 1.008665 u = 939.57 MeV/c² . ¹H: mH = 1.67353x10-27 kg = 1.007825 u = 938.78 MeV/c² 1 1 u = 1.6605x10-27 kg = 931.5 MeV/c² . Consider the following decay: 239 Pu 235 U+ a. 239 Pu has a mass of 239.0521634 u, 235 U has a mass of 235.0439299 u, and a has a mass of 4.002603 u. 94 92 94 92 Determine the disintegration energy (Q-value) in MeV. Q = Determine the binding energy (in MeV) for 239 Pu. 94 EB =nucleus emits an alpha particle with kinetic evergy = 4.20 MeV. What is the daughter nucleus, and what is the approximate atomic mass (in u) of the daughter atom? ignore recoil of the daughter nucleus. if the image doesnt come up properly it is 92^238 U
- 8. A 14 g ovarian tumor is treated using a sodium phosphate solution in which the phosphorus atoms are the radioactive 32P isotope with a half life of 14.3 days and which decays via beta emission with an energy of 1.71MEV. Half of the sodium phosphate solution is absorbed by the tumor and deposits 9.00 J of energy into it. The other half of the solution is dispersed throughout the patients tissues, also depositing 9 J of energy into the 50.0 kg of body tissues. (a) What is the dose (in Gy and rem) that the tumor receives? (b) What is the dose (in Gy and rem) that the rest of the patient receives?1.a. A 14-gram ovarian tumor is treated using a sodium phosphate solution in which the phosphorus atoms are the radioative phosphorus-32 isotope with a half-life of 14.3 days and which decays via beta emision (RBE=1) with an energy of 1.71 MeV. Half of the sodium phosphate is absorbed by the tumor and deposits 9.0 J energy into it. The other half of the solution is absorbed throughout the patient's tissues, also depositing 9.0 J of energy into the 50.0 kg of body tissues. i. What is the dose ( in gray and rem) that the tumor receives? ii. What is the dose ( in milligray and rem) that the rest of the tissues receives? b. Photoelectrons from a material with a binding energy of 2.71 eV are ejected by 420-nm photons. Once ejected, how long does it take these electrons to travel 2.50cm to a detected device? c.The heating element in an electric kettle is rated as 2.0kW. If the waterin the kettle is at 1000.0 oC, what volume of water will be converted in to steam in…Q4. a) Alpha decay is a two body final state process, in which a nucleus 4 AXz →(A−4) Y(z−2) +¹ He₂ + Qa If the masses of the atoms of the parent and the daughter nuclei are (roughly) Au, and (A — 4)u and that of the a particle is 4u, determine the relation between the kinetic energy To of the a particle and Qa. b) Explain why in case of even A nuclei, it is possible to have two most stable isobars, where as for odd A nuclei, there can be only one most stable isobar. c) Construct the mass parabolas for A = 101, and identify the most stable isobars. d) Construct the mass parabolas for A = 106, and identify the two most stable isobars.