Alternative reactor systems are being considered to reduce the reactant in a steady liquid flow from an initial concentration of 100 mg/L to a final concentration of 20 mg/L. Assuming a first-order reaction-rate constant of 0.80 day-1, calculate the hydraulic retention time required for each of the following reactor systems: 1. One plug flow reactor. 2. One completely mixed reactor.
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- The volume of a CFSTR is 45 m' and average constant flow in the reactor is 300 m /d. The reactor flow regime was established by feeding continuously 6 g/L stock tracer solution in the influent line at a rate of 125 L per day. Determine the theoretical tracer concentration in the effluent at 3 and 10 h after the tracer injection. Plot the tracer profile as a function of (a) concentration versus t, and (b) C/Co versus t/0.For an SBR process, the sludge takes 45 minutes to settle and the depth of liquid in the reactor is 40% of the depth of the reactor after draw-off to prevent disturbing the settled sludge. The draw-off period takes an additional 20 minutes after the settle face. An idle time of 10 minutes is to be allowed. What is the required volume of each of the tanks in 2-tank and 3-tank SBR systems to handle a flow of 55000 M cubed per day to provide a react time of 60 minutes?Environmental Engineering: A plug-flow reactor (PFR) has an influent flow with a concentration of 100 mg/L of A and a flow rate of 200 L/min. The reaction is first order and the rate constant is 0.30 hr-1. Find: a. The required detention time and the required volume if the removal or conversion of A is 90%. b. If the reactor is a batch reactor, calculate the required reaction time if the removal or conversion of A is 90%. c. If the reactor is a CSTR, how many times larger must a CSTR be to a Plug-Flow reactor for 90% removal?
- Three CSTRs are to be used in series. The second reactor has a volume twice that of the first and third reactors. The influent flow has a concentration of 150 mg/L of TOC, and the flowrate is 100 gal/min (380 l/min). The reaction is first order, the rate constant is 0.4/hr.a. Determine the mean residence time and volume of each reactor if theremoval or conversion of TOC is 90% (for the entire system as a whole).b. What is the concentration of TOC in each reactor? c. What is the overall efficiency of this treatment process?Environmental Engineering: Three (3) continuously stirred tank reactors are to be used in series. All the reactors have a similar volume. The influent flow has a concentration 100 mg/L of A and a flow rate of 200 l/min. The reaction is first order and the rate constant is 0.30 hr-1. Using the given information: a. Determine the mean residence time and volume of each reactor if the removal or conversion of A is 90%. b. What are the concentrations of A and the rate of conversion in each reactor?I need hand written solution only otherwise I will down vote
- A plug-flow reactor (PFR) has an influent flow with a concentration of 100 mg/L of A and a flowrate of 200 L/min. The reaction is first order and the rate constant is 0.30 hr¹. Determine a) The required detention time and the required volume if the removal or conversion of A is 90%. b) If the reactor is a batch reactor, calculate the required reaction time if the removal or conversion of A is 90%.I need solution on page plzAn ideal continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) has an influent containing Chemical X at a concentration of 150 mg/l and a flow rate of 100 gpm (380 liters/min). Chemical X undergoes a first-order decay reaction having k = 0.40 hr –1 . Determine: 1a. The required detention time and volume of the CSTR if the effluent concentration contains 20 mg/l of Chemical X. Express the volume in both gallons and liters. 1b. Use a spreadsheet to perform the necessary calculations and then use the spreadsheet's graphing tools to plot two graphs; i. Pollutant removal efficiency, 1e, on the vertical or y-axis versus hydraulic detention time on the horizontal or x-axis. ii. Effluent concentration, CX1 , on the vertical or y-axis versus hydraulic detention time on horizontal or x-axis. Analyze and comment on the significance of the graphs. 1c. How many times larger must a CSTR be than a PFR to achieve 80 percent pollutant removal or conversion? 1d. How many times larger must a CSTR be than a PFR to…
- A reactor with predominantly longitudinal dimension has reaction volume of 3,000 m3.The influent has flow rate of 600 m3/day and concentration of Na+200 g/m3 and BOD 200 g/m3. Please answer the following:a. What is the hydraulic retention time? b. What would be concentration decay model along the relative length x=L/L0? c. If it is an ideal plug flow reactor, please calculate the concentration profile along the length of the reactor, e.g., x=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 of the total length if Na+ is a conservative species while BOD is degradable specie with reaction rate constant k = 0.4/day. d. Please plot the concentration profile vs. relative length x for Na+and BOD, respectively.Develop a mathematical expression of three phase fluidized bed reactor for first order catalytic reaction A - B, accounting for reactant A at any level Z in the bedEnvironmental Engineering: Water Treatment Please consider each of the following points: a. Determine the required residence time for each reactor of 3 equal volume CSTRs in series given a zero-order reaction with a reaction rate constant, k = -5 mg/L hr. The influent concentration is 125 mg/L and 95% conversion is required across the three-reactor system. What is the total reactor system residence time? b. Determine the required residence time for a single CSTR given the same conditions. c. Determine the required residence time for a PFR given the same conditions. d. Why are all three residence time the same?