ABCD Corp Balance Sheet and Income Statement for the period as at December 31, 2014 Balance Sheet Assets RM Cash 72,000 Accounts receivable 439,000 Inventories 894,000 Total current assets1,405,000 Fixed Assets 431,000 Total Assets1,836,000 Liabilities Accounts and Notes payable 432,000 Accruals 170,000 Total Current Liabilities 602,000 Long term debt 404,290 Common stock 575,000 Retained Earnings 254,710 Total Liabilities & Equity1,836,000 Income Statement Sales 4,290,000 Cost of goods sold 3,580,000 Selling, general, and administrative expenses 370,320 Depreciation 159,000 Earnings before taxes (EBT) 180,680 Taxes (40%) 72,272 Net Income 108,408 Per Share Data EPS RM4.71 Cash dividends per share RM0.95 P/E ratio 5 x Market Price (average) RM23.57 Number of Shares Outstanding 23,000 INDUSTRY FINANCIAL RATIO 1. Quick ratio 1.0x 2. Current ratio 2.7x 3. Inventory turnover 7.0x
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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