A. What is the equivalent footing and how it is used in foundation design? B. Briefly explain what the kern (core) of the cross-section and how we use it in foundation design. C. Describe two common design methods used in foundation design (regarding safety factors). D. Briefly explain the differences between e-log-p and Schmertman methods settlement analysis for shallow foundation.
- A. What is the equivalent footing and how it is used in foundation design?
- B. Briefly explain what the kern (core) of the cross-section and how we use it in foundation design.
- C. Describe two common design methods used in foundation design (regarding safety factors).
- D. Briefly explain the differences between e-log-p and Schmertman methods settlement analysis for shallow foundation.
A) What is the equivalent footing and how it is used in foundation design?
Equivalent footing is a design method used in foundation engineering to determine the size of a uniform rectangular footing that is equivalent in strength to a complex shaped footing with the same load-carrying capacity. The concept of equivalent footing is used to simplify the design process and make it easier to calculate the size of a foundation.
In order to determine the equivalent footing size, the complex shaped footing is divided into a series of smaller rectangles, and the load-carrying capacity of each rectangle is calculated. These capacities are then summed to determine the total load-carrying capacity of the complex shaped footing. The size of the equivalent rectangular footing is then determined based on the total load-carrying capacity and the bearing capacity of the soil.
Equivalent footing is commonly used in the design of spread footings, which are used to distribute the load from a structure to the soil below. The equivalent footing method is especially useful in cases where the soil bearing capacity is lower in some areas of the footing, as the size of the equivalent rectangular footing can be adjusted to account for these areas of lower capacity.
It is important to note that equivalent footing is a simplified design method and that the actual load-carrying capacity of the footing may differ from the calculated equivalent footing size. For this reason, equivalent footing is often used as a preliminary design tool, and the actual foundation design is verified through additional analysis and testing.
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