A. What is the amount of the provision that should be provided for by the company in accordance with IAS 37 based on the scenarios below? i. Somerset Deliveries Plc is an outsourcing company that does deliveries for Several other companies. The company is being sued by a customer for $ 500 000 for breach of contract over a cancelled order. The company has obtained legal opinion that there was a 20% chance that the company will lose the case. Accordingly, the company has made a provision of $100 000 ($500 000 ×20%) in respect of the claim. The unrecoverable legal costs of defending the action are estimated at $50 000.These costs have not been provided for as the case will not go to court until the following year. Micro Processors Ltd, supplies microchips to manufacturers of electrical appliances, guarantees them for 12 months from the date of purchase. If a serious fault occurs during that period, the microchips are replaced free of charge. The company has estimated that if all the microchips sold in the last 12 months required repairs the cost would be $1 million. If all these microchips had more serious faults and had to be replaced the cost would be three $3 million. The normal pattern is that 80% of the Chips sold will be fault free, 15% will require repairs and 10% will be replaced
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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