A voltaic cell that uses the reactionTl3+(aq)+ 2 Cr2+1aq2------>Tl+(aq) + 2 Cr3+(aq)has a measured standard cell potential of +1.19 V. (a) Writethe two half-cell reactions. (b) By using data from AppendixE, determine E°red for the reduction of Tl3+(aq) to Tl+(aq).(c) Sketch the voltaic cell, label the anode and cathode, andindicate the direction of electron flow.

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Electrolysis

Electrolysis is defined as the process of breaking down ionic compounds into their constituent elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid state. The cathode reduces cations, while the anode oxidizes anions. An electrolyte, electrodes, and some form of external power source are the main components required for conducting electrolysis. A partition, such as an ion-exchange membrane or a salt bridge, may also be used, but this is optional. These are primarily used to prevent the products from diffusing near the opposing electrode.