Show the 4-Step Method in testing significance of mean difference in the following cases:A topic of recent clinical interest is the effect of different contraceptive methods on fertility. Suppose we wish to compare how long it takes users of either oral contraceptives (OCs) or diaphragms to become pregnant after stopping contraception. A study group of 20 OC users is formed, and diaphragm users who match each OC user with regard to age (within 5 years), race, parity (number of previous pregnancies), and socioeconomic status (SES) are found. The investigators compute the differences in time to fertility between previous OC and diaphragm users and find that the mean difference (OC minus diaphragm) in time to fertility is 4 months with a standard deviation of 8 months. Can we conclude that previous OC users take a significantly longer time to become pregnant than do previous diaphragm users? The degree of clinical agreement among physicians on the presence or absence of generalized lymphadenopathy was assessed in 32 randomly selected participants from a prospective study of male sexual contacts of men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or an AIDS-related condition (ARC). The total number of palpable lymph nodes was assessed by each of three physicians. Results from two of the three physicians are presented in the table attached. Determine whether there is a systematic difference between the assessments of Doctor A vs. Doctor B using 1% level of significance.

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MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Show the 4-Step Method in testing significance of mean difference in the following cases:

A topic of recent clinical interest is the effect of different contraceptive methods on fertility. Suppose we wish to compare how long it takes users of either oral contraceptives (OCs) or diaphragms to become pregnant after stopping contraception. A study group of 20 OC users is formed, and diaphragm users who match each OC user with regard to age (within 5 years), race, parity (number of previous pregnancies), and socioeconomic status (SES) are found. The investigators compute the differences in time to fertility between previous OC and diaphragm users and find that the mean difference (OC minus diaphragm) in time to fertility is 4 months with a standard deviation of 8 months. Can we conclude that previous OC users take a significantly longer time to become pregnant than do previous diaphragm users?

The degree of clinical agreement among physicians on the presence or absence of generalized lymphadenopathy was assessed in 32 randomly selected participants from a prospective study of male sexual contacts of men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or an AIDS-related condition (ARC). The total number of palpable lymph nodes was assessed by each of three physicians. Results from two of the three physicians are presented in the table attached. Determine whether there is a systematic difference between the assessments of Doctor A vs. Doctor B using 1% level of significance.

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