A survey of Canadian adult males was performed during the 1980s. 52% of the respondents smoked. The lifetime probability of a smoker getting lung cancer was 17.2%, whereas a non-smoker had a cancer probability of 1.3%. a)What is the conditional probability of a male smoker getting lung cancer? b)Draw a probability tree showing the probability of getting lung cancer conditional on smoking or not smoking. c)Using the tree, calculate the probability of smoking and getting lung cancer d)Show the same calculation as c), but in the format of the general multiplication rule    Pr[A and B] = Pr[A] Pr[B|A] e)What is the probability that a male did not smoke and did not get lung cancer?

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Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.