A stepped steel shaft, shown below, is used in a spur gear reducer. The shaft is subjected to a constant axial stress (A=40 MPa), a constant bending stress due to loads by bearings and gears (M=60 MPa), and a steady torque (T-80 MPa) during shaft rotation. Neglect the stress concentration factors (we will cover this next week) that result from the stepped shaft geometry. The shaft is made of steel with Su=1006 MPa, Sy=648 MPa, and HB-229. The size of the shaft results in a gradient factor of CG=0.9. The shaft has a fine-ground finish. A 95% reliability is required. Calculate the safety factor relative to infinite life (10 cycles). If the safety factor is less than one (i.e., shaft fails), find the number of cycles to failure.

Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
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4) A stepped steel shaft, as shown in the diagram, is used in a spur gear reducer. The shaft is subjected to a constant axial stress (A = 40 MPa), a constant bending stress due to loads by bearings and gears (M = 60 MPa), and a steady torque (T = 80 MPa) during shaft rotation. Neglect the stress concentration factors (we will cover this next week) that result from the stepped shaft geometry. The shaft is made of steel with \( S_u = 1006 \, \text{MPa}, \, S_y = 648 \, \text{MPa}, \, \text{and} \, H = 229 \). The size of the shaft results in a gradient factor of \( C_G = 0.9 \). The shaft has a fine-ground finish. A 95% reliability is required.

Calculate the safety factor relative to infinite life (\(10^6\) cycles). If the safety factor is less than one (i.e., shaft fails), find the number of cycles to failure.

**Diagram Description:**

A diagram of a stepped steel shaft is provided. It consists of two sections with different diameters. The shaft is labeled with various parameters:
- Axial stress (A) and bending moment (M) are shown as acting on both ends of the shaft.
- Torque (T) is indicated at the right end.
- The larger diameter of the shaft is labeled as \( D \), and the smaller diameter is labeled as \( d \). 
- The transition between the diameters includes a fillet radius labeled \( r \).

This diagram is a schematic representation helpful in analyzing stress distribution in the shaft for mechanical engineering calculations.
Transcribed Image Text:4) A stepped steel shaft, as shown in the diagram, is used in a spur gear reducer. The shaft is subjected to a constant axial stress (A = 40 MPa), a constant bending stress due to loads by bearings and gears (M = 60 MPa), and a steady torque (T = 80 MPa) during shaft rotation. Neglect the stress concentration factors (we will cover this next week) that result from the stepped shaft geometry. The shaft is made of steel with \( S_u = 1006 \, \text{MPa}, \, S_y = 648 \, \text{MPa}, \, \text{and} \, H = 229 \). The size of the shaft results in a gradient factor of \( C_G = 0.9 \). The shaft has a fine-ground finish. A 95% reliability is required. Calculate the safety factor relative to infinite life (\(10^6\) cycles). If the safety factor is less than one (i.e., shaft fails), find the number of cycles to failure. **Diagram Description:** A diagram of a stepped steel shaft is provided. It consists of two sections with different diameters. The shaft is labeled with various parameters: - Axial stress (A) and bending moment (M) are shown as acting on both ends of the shaft. - Torque (T) is indicated at the right end. - The larger diameter of the shaft is labeled as \( D \), and the smaller diameter is labeled as \( d \). - The transition between the diameters includes a fillet radius labeled \( r \). This diagram is a schematic representation helpful in analyzing stress distribution in the shaft for mechanical engineering calculations.
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