A scientist is doing research to understand how volatile hydrocarbons affect phytoplankton (algae) growth during oil spills. In the lab, he adds a constant amount of oil and different levels of a volatile hydrocarbon (0- 50 μg/ml) to  phytoplankton in salt water with nutrients, trace minerals and sodium carbonate buffer. The scientists uses a spectrometer to detect the level of algae in the tube. In this way he can see growth of algae. Independent factor: volatile hydrocarbons Dependent factor: Algae as detected by absorbance in a spectrometer What belongs in the control? Select one or more: Sodium carbonate buffer Volatile hydrocarbons Water Algae Salt Oil Trace minerals Nutrients.

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.