Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:### Analysis of Hydrocarbon Using Mass and IR Spectra
A hydrocarbon is analyzed using its mass spectrum and infrared (IR) spectrum to determine its structure.
#### Mass Spectrum Analysis
- **X-axis (m/z):** The mass-to-charge ratio of the ionized fragments.
- **Y-axis (Relative abundance):** Shows the relative abundance of each ion detected.
- Key Peaks:
- **m/z = 55:** The highest peak, likely indicating the base fragment or a stable fragment.
- **m/z = 84:** Another significant peak indicating a potential larger fragment of the molecule.
#### IR Spectrum Analysis
- **X-axis (Wavenumber in cm⁻¹):** Represents the frequency of the IR radiation absorbed.
- **Y-axis (% Transmittance):** Shows how much light passes through the sample, with dips indicating absorption peaks.
- Key Features:
- **Broad absorption around 3000 cm⁻¹:** Typically associated with C-H stretching in alkanes or unsaturated hydrocarbons.
- **Absorption around 1600 cm⁻¹:** Could indicate C=C stretching, suggesting the presence of a double bond.
- **Additional peaks:** Could be linked to various bending or stretching vibrations typical of hydrocarbons.
#### Possible Structures
Determine which structure corresponds with the spectral data:
- **A**: A straight-chain alkane.
- **B**: An alkene with a double bond.
- **C**: A cycloalkane (cyclic structure).
- **D**: A branched alkene or alkane.
#### Selection Question
Which structure is consistent with the provided mass and IR spectra data?
- ○ **Structure A**
- ○ **Structure B**
- ○ **Structure C**
- ○ **Structure D**
Students must analyze the provided spectra, considering key spectral features that match typical absorptions and fragmentation patterns, to choose the correct structure.
Expert Solution
Step 1
structure B is the correct
IR DATA SHOW PEAK at 3000 it is peak of C-H bond
at 1600 show C=C bond( streching)
at 900 show C=C (bending)
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