A hydraulic brake system consists of the brake pedal, a master cylinder, a brake cylinder, a brake shoe, and a wheel drum (see the figure below). When the driver exerts a force Fhrake on the pedal, the result is a force of friction f on the wheel drum and hence a frictional torque about the axle. The master cylinder piston's cross-sectional area Ame is 1.80 cm², while the brake cylinder piston's cross-sectional area Ap is 6.40 cm2. The coefficient of friction between the brake shoe and the drum is 0.500, and the wheel drum has a radius of 44.3 cm. Determine the frictional torque about the axle when the force exerted on the brake pedal is 41.7 N. (Give the magnitude of your answer in N• m.)
Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
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