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A group of patients left the clinic (where alcohol is banned) and went out for "one last drink". All patients are supposed to NOT drink alcohol and are supposed to take Antabuse, but you suspect that some are not complying those instructions. When the group returns you measure their Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) and found that they all had a BAC of 0.8. The patients are sent to their rooms and their BAC and/or acetaldehyde concentrations are monitored over time.

A group of patients left the clinic (where alcohol is banned) and went out for "one last drink". All patients are supposed to NOT drink alcohol and are supposed to take Antabuse, but you suspect that some are not complying those instructions. When the group returns you measure their Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) and found that they all had a BAC of 0.8. The patients are sent to their rooms and their BAC and/or acetaldehyde concentrations are monitored over time.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Obviously, all four patients need to be met with.  Based on the graphs above, which two patients have broken the most rules?  Explain your answer.

A group of patients left the clinic (where alcohol is banned) and went out for "one last drink". All patients are supposed to NOT drink alcohol and are supposed to take Antabuse, but you suspect that some are not complying those instructions. When the group returns you measure their Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) and found that they all had a BAC of 0.8. The patients are sent to their rooms and their BAC and/or acetaldehyde concentrations are monitored over time. BAC 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7 0 1 2 3 Time (hours) 4 80 70 -K 40 30 20 10 5 --Patient A -Patient B Blood Acetaldehyde levels (μm) 90 0 0 1 2 Time (hours) 3 4 5 --Patient C -Patient D (Description of left graph shows BAC over time. Patient A's BAC increases over time from 0.8, Patient B's BAC decreases over time from 0.8.) (Description of right graph shows Blood acetaldehyde levels over time. Patient C shows a great increase in acetaldehyde over time, Patient D's acetaldehyde increases to a lesser extent and decreases again over time.)
Transcribed Image Text:A group of patients left the clinic (where alcohol is banned) and went out for "one last drink". All patients are supposed to NOT drink alcohol and are supposed to take Antabuse, but you suspect that some are not complying those instructions. When the group returns you measure their Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) and found that they all had a BAC of 0.8. The patients are sent to their rooms and their BAC and/or acetaldehyde concentrations are monitored over time. BAC 0.95 0.9 0.85 0.8 0.75 0.7 0 1 2 3 Time (hours) 4 80 70 -K 40 30 20 10 5 --Patient A -Patient B Blood Acetaldehyde levels (μm) 90 0 0 1 2 Time (hours) 3 4 5 --Patient C -Patient D (Description of left graph shows BAC over time. Patient A's BAC increases over time from 0.8, Patient B's BAC decreases over time from 0.8.) (Description of right graph shows Blood acetaldehyde levels over time. Patient C shows a great increase in acetaldehyde over time, Patient D's acetaldehyde increases to a lesser extent and decreases again over time.)
You have been hired by an alcoholism rehabilitation clinic to help interpret patient results. Ethanol ("alcohol") is metabolized using a two-step process (see below). The intermediate, acetaldehyde, causes unpleasant side effects including a flushed face, nausea, and high blood pressure. The enzyme inhibitor called Antabuse is a drug that blocks the second step of the reaction. Because each step occurs independently (block the second step, the first one continues), the effect of Antabuse is to make someone who consumes alcohol feel sick. Ethanol Ethanol alcohol dehydrogenase acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (description: step 1: ethanol is broken down by alcohol dehyrdogenase to form acetaldehyde, step 2: acetaldehyde is broken down by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase to acetic acid) Acetic acid Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase Acetaldehyde alcohol dehydrogenase Acetic acid (Antabuse) X→X acetaldehyde (description: step 1: ethanol is broken down by alcohol dehyrdogenase to form acetaldehyde, step 2 IS BLOCKED BY ANTABUSE acetaldehyde is NOT broken down by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase to acetic acid, ACETALDEHYDE ACCUMULATES)
Transcribed Image Text:You have been hired by an alcoholism rehabilitation clinic to help interpret patient results. Ethanol ("alcohol") is metabolized using a two-step process (see below). The intermediate, acetaldehyde, causes unpleasant side effects including a flushed face, nausea, and high blood pressure. The enzyme inhibitor called Antabuse is a drug that blocks the second step of the reaction. Because each step occurs independently (block the second step, the first one continues), the effect of Antabuse is to make someone who consumes alcohol feel sick. Ethanol Ethanol alcohol dehydrogenase acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (description: step 1: ethanol is broken down by alcohol dehyrdogenase to form acetaldehyde, step 2: acetaldehyde is broken down by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase to acetic acid) Acetic acid Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase Acetaldehyde alcohol dehydrogenase Acetic acid (Antabuse) X→X acetaldehyde (description: step 1: ethanol is broken down by alcohol dehyrdogenase to form acetaldehyde, step 2 IS BLOCKED BY ANTABUSE acetaldehyde is NOT broken down by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase to acetic acid, ACETALDEHYDE ACCUMULATES)
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