a deep võice, a masculine-looking figum nd a female gender identity. She is also an incredibly fast runner: at the world championship she beat tl ce runner by more than two seconds. Before the race there were rumors of possible doping or other isSu veeks before the championship she was summoned for a random doping test by the ASA (Athletics Sou puth African sports governing body). She later found out that the dope test was really a gender test supp ed by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). On the eve of the world champion asked for more gender verification information. There was much confusion around the situation and ason the IAAF made a public statement about rhe inquiry (doing so is not common releasing privoro
a deep võice, a masculine-looking figum nd a female gender identity. She is also an incredibly fast runner: at the world championship she beat tl ce runner by more than two seconds. Before the race there were rumors of possible doping or other isSu veeks before the championship she was summoned for a random doping test by the ASA (Athletics Sou puth African sports governing body). She later found out that the dope test was really a gender test supp ed by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). On the eve of the world champion asked for more gender verification information. There was much confusion around the situation and ason the IAAF made a public statement about rhe inquiry (doing so is not common releasing privoro
Chapter2: Where, Why, And What
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 12MC
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Transcribed Image Text:3 sex_vs_gender.indd
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Part I-Rise and Fall
Caster Semenya is a South African runner who won the women's 800-meter race at the 2009 world championship in
Berlin at the age of 18. She nearly broke the world record time. Caster has a deep voice, a masculine-looking figure
and face, and a female gender identity. She is also an incredibly fast runner: at the world championship she beat the
second-place runner by more than two seconds. Before the race there were rumors of possible doping or other issues,
and three weeks before the championship she was summoned for a random doping test by the ASA (Athletics South
Africa, a South African sports governing body). She later found out that the dope test was really a gender test suppos-
edly ordered by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). On the eve of the world championship
Caster was asked for more gender verification information. There was much confusion around the situation and
for some reason the IAAF made a public statement about the inquiry (doing so is not common-releasing private
information about an athlete is unnecessary and invasive to that athlete's privacy). According to leaked accounts
in newspapers, Caster was found to have internal testes, no ovaries or uterus, and levels of testosterone three times
higher than most women; Caster never confirmed these rumors. Newspapers subsequently began referring to her as a
hermaphrodite. Caster was suspended from competition by the IAAF for her testosterone levels.
Questions
1. Based on the above, is the term "gender test" accurate in this case? Why or why not?
2. Name four different biological characteristics that could be used to categorize an individual's sex.
3. Based on the information presented by the news outlets, is Caster truly a hermaphrodite? Why or why not?
4. Assuming the leaked results of the test are true, what do you think is the most likely scenario to account for Caster's
condition? Describe the physiological basis for your answer and use the data provided to justify your response.
5. Setting aside the ethical issues involved, list two additional pieces of information or test results that would help you
to confirm the condition you hypothesized in the above questions. For each test, explain why it would be useful.
6. If your hypothesized cause is correct, describe what you think someone with this condition is likely to have in
terms of the below. Explain your answers.
a. Sex chromosomes
b. External genitalia
c. Male internal reproductive tract (epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles)
d. Gamete production
e. Endogenous estrogen production
f. Breast development
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