A data-collection method that consistently either under-or-overestimates a characteristic of the population causes ________ bias.
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- 40 30 20 10 0 00 : 00000 -1.00 00000 -0.75 3. A statistics student seeking part-time employment as a New York City cab driver is trying to decide between driving a yellow cab or a green cab and examines tip amounts to help in making the decision. Using data from the New York City Taxi & Limousine Commission (http:// www.nyc.gov/html/tlc/html/about/trip_record_data.shtml), the stu- dent examines tip amounts from 25 randomly selected green cab fares and tip amounts from 25 randomly selected yellow cab fares. Graphs and summary statistics of the sample data from green cabs (G) and yellow cabs (Y) are shown. Green Cab ooooooooo000 Yellow Cab oooooooooooo 우1 -0.50 88.8. COCO 2 - 3 -0.25 4 5 Amount of Trip 0.go null = 0 Source: http://www.nyc.gov/html/tlc/html/about/trip_record_data.shtml Because each sample includes outliers, a two-sample t-test for H₁ a difference in means is not appropriate to test the hypotheses: Ho: MG My = 0, Ha:MG My # 0. The student simulates a distri- µy bution of…Why is it important to report both a measure of central tendency and variability to describe a set of scores? Group of answer choices Sets of data with different central tendencies may have different patterns of variability. Sets of data with the same central tendency may have the same patterns of variability. Sets of data with the same variability may have different patterns of central tendency. Sets of data with the same central tendency may have different patterns of variability.Two surfers and statistics students collected data on the number of days on which surfers surfed in the last month for 30 longboard (L) users and 30 shortboard (S) users. Treat these data as though they were from two independent random samples. Test the hypothesis that the mean days surfed for all longboarders is larger than the mean days surfed for all shortboarders (because longboards can go out in many different surfing conditions). Use a level of significance of 0.05. Longboard: 4,8,8,4,7,7,10,6,8,10,12,11,9,15,11,16,12,9,12,18,19,15,11,15,19,20,9,23,21,23 Shortboard: 6,4,4,6,7,7,8,9,4,7,8,5,9,7,4,15,11,10,13,12,11,14,9,11,12,16,9,20,22,11 Determine the hypotheses for this test. Choose the correct answer below. O A. Ho: PL=Ps O B. Ho: HL Hs O F. Ho: HL> Hs Ha: HL # Hs Ha: HL = Hs Find the test statistic for this test. t= (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Find the p-value for this test. p-value = (Round to three decimal places as needed.) What is the conclusion for this…
- Two surfers and statistics students collected data on the number of days on which surfers surfed in the last month for 30 longboard (L) users and 30 shortboard (S) users. Treat these data as though they were from two independent random samples. Test the hypothesis that the mean days surfed for all longboarders is larger than the mean days surfed for all shortboarders (because longboards can go out in many different surfing conditions). Use a level of significance of 0.05. Longboard: 4,9,8,4,9,8,8,6,7,9,11,11,11,13,12,16,14,9,11,18,20,15,10,16,20,20,8,20,21,23 O Shortboard: 6,4,4,6,8,8,6,9,4,6,7,5,9,7,4,16,13,11,13,13,11,15,10,10,13,14,11,21,21,12 Determine the hypotheses for this test. Choose the correct answer below. O A. Ho: HL = Hs O B. Ho: HL = Hs OC. Ho: HL # Hs Ha: HL Hs O F. Ho: HL = Ps Ha: HL = Ps Ha: HL = Hs Ha: HL > Hs Find the test statistic for this test. t = (Round to two decimal places as needed.) Find the p-value for this test. p-value = (Round to three decimal places…Systematic variability occurs when: A. there are too many control variables B. there is a lot of variability in the data C. there is a design confound D. there are too many dependent variableA factor in determining the usefulness of an examination as a measure of demonstrated ability is the amount of spread that occurs in the grades. If the spread or variation of examination scores is very small, it usually means that the examination was either too hard or too easy. However, if the variance of scores is moderately large, then there is a definite difference in scores between "better," "average," and "poorer" students. A group of attorneys in a Midwest state has been given the task of making up this year's bar examination for the state. The examination has 500 total possible points, and from the history of past examinations, it is known that a standard deviation of around 60 points is desirable. Of course, too large or too small a standard deviation is not good. The attorneys want to test their examination to see how good it is. A preliminary version of the examination (with slight modifications to protect the integrity of the real examination) is given to a random sample of…
- A factor in determining the usefulness of an examination as a measure of demonstrated ability is the amount of spread that occurs in the grades. If the spread or variation of examination scores is very small, it usually means that the examination was either too hard or too easy. However, if the variance of scores is moderately large, then there is a definite difference in scores between "better," "average," and "poorer" students. A group of attorneys in a Midwest state has been given the task of making up this year's bar examination for the state. The examination has 500 total possible points, and from the history of past examinations, it is known that a standard deviation of around 60 points is desirable. Of course, too large or too small a standard deviation is not good. The attorneys want to test their examination to see how good it is. A preliminary version of the examination (with slight modifications to protect the integrity of the real examination) is given to a random sample of…Even if a treatment has an effect, it is still possible to obtain a sample mean after the treatment that is very similar to the original population mean. Which outcome is likely if this happens? Group of answer choices reject H0 and make a Type I error correctly reject H0 fail to reject H0 and make a Type II error correctly fail to reject H0The Analysis of Variance. A research study compared beer consumed daily between 3 groups with 3 observations each. Group1 was UCB, Group 2 UCSD, and Group 3 UCI. Determine if there is a significant difference among the groups 5% level. Group1: UCB Group 2: UCSD Group 3: UCI The Results of this study are in the following table: Group1 Group2 Group3 Sample 3, 4, 5 3.2, 4, 4.2 3, 4, 3.3 Mean 4.0 3.7 3.4 S^2 4.4 5.2 6.1 null and alternative hypotheses are Null hypothesis Ho : There is a significant difference among the treatment group means Alternative Hypothesis Ha : At least one group mean is different from other group means the average mean due to treatments are…
- Interaction a. What is an interaction between two factors? b. In general, when using two-way analysis of variance, if we find that there is an interaction effect, how does that affect the procedure? c. Shown below is an interaction graph constructed from the data in Exercise 1. What does the graph suggest?Which outcome is expected if the null hypothesis is true for an analysis of variance? a. SSbetween should be about the same size as SStotal. b. SSbetween should be about the same size as SSwithin. c. MSbetween should be about the same size as MStotal. d. MSbetween should be about the same size as MSwithin.A factor in determining the usefulness of an examination as a measure of demonstrated ability is the amount of spread that occurs in the grades. If the spread or variation of examination scores is very small, it usually means that the examination was either too hard or too easy. However, if the variance of scores is moderately large, then there is a definite difference in scores between "better," "average," and "poorer" students. A group of attorneys in a Midwest state has been given the task of making up this year's bar examination for the state. The examination has 500 total possible points, and from the history of past examinations, it is known that a standard deviation of around 60 points is desirable. Of course, too large or too small a standard deviation is not good. The attorneys want to test their examination to see how good it is. A preliminary version of the examination (with slight modifications to protect the integrity of the real examination) is given to a random sample of…