A Cournot Market has 2 firms and initially begins in equilibrium. Firm 1 is going to buy firm 2 so the firms will merge. If there are no economies of scope, explain why they would still merge. Attempt the graph
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A Cournot Market has 2 firms and initially begins in equilibrium. Firm 1 is going to buy firm 2 so the firms will merge. If there are no economies of scope, explain why they would still merge. Attempt the graph
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- Consider the daily market for hot dogs in a small city. Suppose that this market is in long-run competitive equilibrium with many hot dog stands in the city, each one selling the same kind of hot dogs. Therefore, each vendor is a price taker and possesses no market power The following graph shows the demand (D) and supply (S = MC) curves in the market for hot dogs. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the market price and quantity that will result from competition. Competitive Market 50 45 PC Outcome 4.0 635 3.0 2,5 + 20 15+ 10 05+ 45 90 116 100 225 270 315 360 405 450 QUANTITY (Hot dogs) PRICE (Dolere per hot dog)Is Consider the daily market for hot dogs in a small city. Suppose that this market is in long-run competitive equilibrium with many hot dog stands in the city, each one selling the same kind of hot dogs. Therefore, each vendor is a price taker and possesses no market power. The following graph shows the demand (D) and supply (S = MC) curves in the market for hot dogs. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the market price and quantity that will result from competition. (?) PRICE (Dollars per hot dog) 5.0 4.5 4.0 8 3.5 3.0 2 25 e 20 1.5 0.5 + 0 0 10 20 Competitive Market S-MC 30 40 50 60 70 QUANTITY (Hot dogs) 80 90 D 100 + PC Outcome Assume that one of the hot dog vendors successfully lobbies the city council to obtain the exclusive right to sell hot dogs within the city limits. This firm buys up all the rest of the hot dog vendors in the city and operates as a monopoly. Assume that this change doesn't affect demand and that the new monopoly's marginal cost…Consider the weekly market for gyros in a popular neighborhood close to campus. Suppose this market is operating in long-run competitive equilibrium with many gyro vendors in the neighborhood, each offering basically the same gyros. Due to the structure of the market, the vendors act as price takers and each individual vendor has no market power. The following graph displays the supply (S = MC) and demand (D) curves in the weekly market for gyros. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the market price and quantity that will result from competition. PRICE (Dollars per gyro) 5.0 PRICE (Dollars per gyro) 4.5 4.0 3.5 1.0 0.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 0.5 0 0 10 20 0 10 30 Now assume that one of the gyro vendors successfully petitions the neighborhood development board to obtain exclusive rights to sell gyros in the neighborhood. This firm buys up all the rest of the gyro food trucks in the area and begins to operate as a monopoly. Assume that this change does not affect demand and…
- If there were 20 firms in this market, the short-run equilibrium price of ruthenium would be per pound. At that price, firms in this industry would . Therefore, in the long run, firms would the ruthenium market. Because you know that competitive firms earn economic profit in the long run, you know the long-run equilibrium price must be per pound. From the graph, you can see that this means there will be firms operating in the ruthenium industry in long-run equilibrium. True or False: Assuming implicit costs are positive, each of the firms operating in this industry in the long run earns negative accounting profit. True FalseConsider the weekly market for gyros in a popular neighborhood close to campus. Suppose this market is operating in long-run competitive equilibrium with many gyro vendors in the neighborhood, each offering basically the same gyros. Due to the structure of the market, the vendors act as price takers and each individual vendor has no market power. The following graph displays the supply (S = MC) and demand (D) curves in the weekly market for gyros. Consider the welfare effects that result from the industry operating as a competitive market versus a monopoly. On the monopoly graph, use the black points (plus symbol) to shade the area that represents the loss of welfare, or deadweight loss, caused by a monopoly. That is, show the area that was formerly part of total surplus and now does not accrue to anybody. Deadweight loss occurs when a market is controlled by a monopoly because the resulting equilibrium is different from the (efficient) competitive outcome. In the…In the model of Bertrand Competition firms would compete, driving price down to marginal cost so that firms make zero economic profits. This means we have firms essentially behaving as if they are perfectly competitive, even with just two firms. Despite this very clear prediction, we do not often see evidence of this outcome, even in markets where we believe firms are indeed competing via price. Why might this be? For instance, what assumptions do we make about costs of firms and how might things play out if those assumptions fail? What are some things firms could do in this situation to prevent prices from dropping as low as marginal cost, even if our assumptions on costs are true?
- Consider the weekly market for gyros in a popular neighborhood close to campus. Suppose this market is operating in long-run competitive equilibrium with many gyro vendors in the neighborhood, each offering basically the same gyros. Due to the structure of the market, the vendors act as price takers and each individual vendor has no market powur. The following graph displays the supply (SMC) and demand (D) curves in the weekly market for gyros Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the market price and quantity that will result from competition. 5.0 AD 26 28 30 35 30 as 15 10 45 50 4.5 40 as Now assume that one of the gyro vendors successfully petitions the neighborhood development board to obtain exclusive rights to sell gyros in the neighborhood. This fiem buys up all the rest of the gyro food trucks in the area and begins to operate as a monopoly, Assume that this change does not affect demand and that the marginal cost curve of the new monopoly corresponds…Show what happens in the short run on both graphs when a new medical study shows soybeans to be highly carcinogenic. On the market graph, you will shift a curve or curves. On the firm's graph, use Price 2 to draw a new price line for the firm. On both graphs, indicate the new equilibrium point with point B. Now, show the changes that get both graphs back to long‑run equilibrium. Use shift(s) for the market and Price 3 for the firm. Indicate the new long‑run equilibrium with point C.Deviating from the collusive outcome Please check the image there is a graph Mays and McCovey are beer-brewing companies that operate in a duopoly (two-firm oligopoly). The daily marginal cost (MC) of producing a can of beer is constant and equals $0.60 per can. Assume that neither firm had any startup costs, so marginal cost equals average total cost (ATC) for each firm. Suppose that Mays and McCovey form a cartel, and the firms divide the output evenly. (Note: This is only for convenience; nothing in this model requires that the two companies must equally share the output.) Place the black point (plus symbol) on the following graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and combined quantity of output if Mays and McCovey choose to work together. When they act as a profit-maximizing cartel, each company will produce cans $ and charge $ per can. Given this information, each firm earns a daily profit of $ , so the daily total industry…
- Back in 2012, the world’s largest provider of chipsets for devices (e.g. smartphones, tablets) running on 4G network signed an agreement with one of the leading device manufacturers, committing to make significant payments to this manufacturer on condition that the manufacturer would exclusively use its chipsets. This was found to be violating competition law. a) Use economic theory to explain why such an agreement violates competition law and can hinder competition in the market. b) If you are working for the chipsets provider, how can you use economic theory to defend your company? (1000 words)Scenario Many small shops sell different styles of sweaters. Some stores sell higher-quality and more expensive sweaters than other stores. Dozens of companies produce plain white socks. The standard technology for producing socks is widely known and available to anyone who wants to enter the business. Four Internet providers offer similar services to almost everyone in the city. Any new company would have to engage in a price war with the existing companies. Scholastik Inc. owns the U.S. copyright to a popular series of books. It is the only company with the legal right to publish these books in the United States. Number of Firms (One, Few, Many) Type of Product (Homogeneous, Unique, Differentiated) Entry (Easy, Challenging, Impossible) Market Model (Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition, Oligopoly)Question 2 [Suppose 'Car Today' is the only firm selling cars in a small, rural town. Assume that people in the town do not want to leave the town to buy cars. Also assume that there is a constant marginal cost for 'Car Today'.] a) [What type of market structure do you think 'Car Today' belongs to? Why? Explain in 100 words or less. Market structure identified correctly with logical and sound explanation. b) [Draw a graph for Car Today that shows the firm carrying out perfect price discrimination (first degree). Label the producer surplus, consumer surplus, and deadweight loss in the graph. No explanation required Properly labelled, correct graph. Producer & consumer surplus and dead weight loss correctly identified and labelled on graph. c) [Now suppose the city council hears of Car Today's practices and outlaws price discrimination (and assume they can successfully enforce it). Draw a new graph showing what Car Today will do to maximize profits. Label the producer surplus, consumer…