4. The Herfindahl index and mergers Suppose that in the market for milk, market share is divided among six companies in the following manner: Firm Market Share Heartland Dairy 82% Bovine Valley 8% Milkcorp 4% Dairy-Quest 3% Pasteur Brand 2% encourage Moo Farms 1% challenge not challenge Based on the Herfindahl index of the market for milk, the FTC would a merger between Milkcorp and Dairy-Quest.
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Suppose that in the market for milk, market share is divided among six companies in the following manner:
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- Suppose the European Union (EU) was investigated and proposed a merger between two of the largest distillers of premium Scotch liquor. Based on some economists’ definition of the relevant market, the two firms proposing to merge enjoyed a combined market share of about two-thirds, while another firm essentially controlled the remaining share of the market. Additionally, suppose that the (wholesale) market elasticity of demand for Scotch liquor is −1 and that it costs $15.70 to produce and distribute each liter of Scotch.Based only on these data, provide quantitative estimates of the likely pre- and postmerger prices in the wholesale market for premium Scotch liquor.Instructions: Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your final responses rounded to the nearest penny (two decimal places).Pre-merger price: $ Post-merger price: $There are only two driveway paving companies in a small town, Asphalt, Inc. and Blacktop Bros. The inverse demand curve for paving services is ?= 2040 ―20? where quantity is measured in pave jobs per month and price is measured in dollars per job. Assume Asphalt, Inc. has a marginal cost of $100 per driveway and Blacktop Bros. has a marginal cost of $150. Answer the following questions: Determine each firm’s reaction curve and graph it. How many paving jobs will each firm produce in Cournot equilibrium? What will the market price of a pave job be? How much profit does each firm earn?Question 3 Assume we have a market with only two companies in it, Company X and Company Y. Now suppose that both companies have to choose one of two potential strategies for pricing their products: setting a low price or setting a high price. The table below shows the expected profits for each company under each pricing scenario. Assume both companies are in competition with each other and seek to maximize their profits. Under these conditions, how much profit should we expect both companies to earn? Company Y Provide your answer below: High Price Low Price High Price Profit for Company Y: $12, 975,000 Profit for Company X: $12, 975,000 Profit for Company Y: $16, 218,000 Profit for Company X: $1,946, 000 Company X Low Price Profit for Company Y: $1,946, 000 Profit for Company X: $16, 218,000 Profit for Company Y: $6,487,000 Profit for Company X: $6,487,000
- Question 3 The inverse market demand for fax paper is given by P=100-Q. There are two firms who produce fax paper. Firm 1 has al cost of production of C₁= 15*Q₁ and firm 2 has a cost of production of C₂=20*Q₂. 1) Suppose firm 1 and firm 2 compute simultaneously in quantities. What are the Cournot quantities and prices? What are the profits of firm 1 and 2? 2) Suppose firm 1 and firm 2 compete simultaneously in prices. What are the Bertrand quantities and prices? What are the profits of firm 1 and 2? 3) Suppose that firm play a Stackelberg game. First firm 1 sets the quantity in t=1, then, knowing which quantity firm 1 has set, firm 2 chooses the quantity in t=2. What are the Stackelberg quantities and prices? What are the profits od firm 1 and 2? Compared to part a) which firm benefits and which firm loses?For each scenario in the following table, determine which market model best describes the scenario. Then identify the number of firms, the type of product, and the ease with which new firms can enter the market under this market structure. Scenario Hundreds of colleges serve millions of students each year. The colleges vary by location, size, cost, and educational quality, which allows students to match schools to their diverse preferences. Hundreds of high school students who require tutoring in algebra choose among dozens of tutoring companies offering similar services. The taxi companies on all the licences granted by the city. Consumers don't care which taxi company Only one pharmaceutical company has a government patent to sell an experimental drug Number of Firms Type of Product Entry Market ModelAssume that the market for oil is made up of two firms: Exxon Mobil and Chevron. Also assume that New England has dozens of breweries and each of these make beers with different tastes, colors, and aromas. Which of the following statements is true? The market structure for oil is an oligopoly, and the one for beer is monopolistic competition. The market structure for oil is monopolistic competition, and the one for beer is an oligopoly. The market structure for both oil and beer is an oligopoly. The market structure for both oil and beer is monopolistic competition.
- In 1983, Motorola accounted for seventy five percent of the mobile phone market. But by 2019, its market share had shrunk to just 2.2%. In 1983, the Motorola launched one of the world’s first commercially available mobile phones—the DynaTAC 8000X. Motorola went on to launch a few more devices over the next few years and quickly became a dominant player in the emerging industry. In the early days of the market, the company’s only serious competitor was Finnish multinational Nokia. By the mid-1990s, other competitors like Sony and Siemens started to gain some solid footing, which chipped away at Motorola’s dominance. In September 1995, the company’s market share was down to 32.1%. By January 1999, Nokia surpassed Motorola as the leading mobile phone manufacturer, accounting for 21.4% of global market share. That put it just slightly ahead of Motorola’s 20.8%. Describe the market for mobile phones in 1983 and illustrate how equilibrium price and quantity determined in this industry and…Suppose the European Union (EU) was investigated and proposed a merger between two of the largest distillers of premium Scotch liquor. Based on some economists’ definition of the relevant market, the two firms proposing to merge enjoyed a combined market share of about two-thirds, while another firm essentially controlled the remaining share of the market. Additionally, suppose that the (wholesale) market elasticity of demand for Scotch liquor is −1.4 and that it costs $14.80 to produce and distribute each liter of Scotch.Based only on these data, provide quantitative estimates of the likely pre- and postmerger prices in the wholesale market for premium Scotch liquor.Instructions: Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your final responses rounded to the nearest penny (two decimal places).Pre-merger price: $ Post-merger price: $Eric owns a plot of land in the desert that isn't worth much. One day, a giant meteorite falls on his property, making a large crater. The event attracts scientists and tourists, and Eric decides to sell nontransferable admission tickets to the meteor crater to both types of visitors: scientists (Market A) and tourists (Market B). The following graphs show daily demand (DD) curves and marginal revenue (MRMR) curves for the two markets. Eric's marginal cost of providing admission tickets is zero. PRICE (Dollars per ticket) 20 18 16 9 09 2 0 0 1 Market A MR 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 QUANTITY (Admission tickets) Pricing Policy Nondiscriminatory Discriminatory D 0 10 Total Revenue (Dollars) PRICE (Dollars per ticket) 20 18 18 14 12 10 8 4 2 0 0 1 low Market B Imagine that at first, Eric charges the same price of $8 per admission in both markets so that the total number of admissions demanded is Tickets. Imagine now that Eric decides to charge a different price in each market. To maximize revenue, Eric…
- Why does Pinterest consider Google to be its largest competitor? Pinterest Pinterest places a premium on mobile platforms when developing new products and services.The pie chart to the right illustrates hypothetical data for the market share for the United States automobile market. The percentage of the U.S. market that U.S. auto firms control is nothing%. (Enter your response as an integer.) The image is a pie chart labeled U.S. Automobile Industry Market Share. The pie chart shows the market share of the United States, Japan, Europe, and Korea in the U.S. automobile industry. The market share of the United States is 45%. The market share of Japan is 30%. The market share of Europe is 15%. The market share of Korea is 10%. U.S. Automobile Industry Market Share U.S. 45%Japanese 30%European 15%Korean 10%Bob owns a plot of land in the desert that isn't worth much. One day, a giant meteor falls on his property. The event attracts scientists and tourists, and Bob decides to sell nontransferable admission tickets to the meteor crater to both types of visitors: scientists (Market A) and tourists (Market B). The following graphs show demand (D) curves and marginal revenue (MR) curves for the two markets. Bob's marginal cost of providing admission tickets is zero. PRICE (Dollars per ticket) 10 m CD 2 0 0 Market A MR I I I I I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 QUANTITY (Admission tickets per day) D A 10 ? PRICE (Dollars per ticket) 10 CD N 0 0 Market B MR D B B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 QUANTITY (Admission tickets per day) 10 (?)