A concrete mix includes the following ingredients per cubic meter:Cement=D400 kgWater=184 kgNo admixtureTable below shows possible alternatives mix ingredients. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in thetable what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength asincrease, decrease or approximately the same.What will happen?CementWaterAdmixture(kg)Ultimate compressivestrength(kg)Workability400225None449184NoneWater400184ReducerWater400128ReducerSuper400184Plasticizer184Air Entrainer400400184Accelerator == =S E- v H.I Normal1 No Spac. Heading 1Heading 2 -ARiday 26DictateEditorOpenGrammarlyA Select vParagraphStylesEditingVoiceEditorGrammarly252 Students prepared three mortar mixes in materials lab with water to cement ratios of 0.50, 0.55and 0.60. Three 50mm mortar cubes were prepared for each mix. The cubes were tested for 7days compressive strength. The test results are shown in table below:CompressiveStrength (MPa)Average CompressiveStrength(MPa)Maximum LoadMix No.W/C RatioCube No.(kN)10.50175.4276.1377.820.55170.9270.768.8162.530.60265.8367.6

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A concrete mix Cement=400 kg Water3D184 kg No admixture Table below shows possible alternatives mix ingredients. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as increase, decrease or approximately the same. What will happen? Cement Water Admixture (kg) Ultimate compressive strength (kg) Workability 400 225 None 449 184 None Water 400 184 Reducer Water 400 128 Reducer Super 400 184 Plasticizer 400 184 Air Entrainer 400 184 Accelerator

A concrete mix Cement=400 kg Water3D184 kg No admixture Table below shows possible alternatives mix ingredients. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as increase, decrease or approximately the same. What will happen? Cement Water Admixture (kg) Ultimate compressive strength (kg) Workability 400 225 None 449 184 None Water 400 184 Reducer Water 400 128 Reducer Super 400 184 Plasticizer 400 184 Air Entrainer 400 184 Accelerator

Structural Analysis

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ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

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Concept explainers

Pricing Concrete Work

The concrete work in a project usually holds a high-end cost in terms of cost and value of the work. It becomes an important step in calculating the cost associated with concrete while preparing the project scale. The cost of making concrete depends on the cost of building materials, mixed materials, labor, and machinery. A concrete contractor builds structures from concrete, usually managing all the steps of the process from assembling ingredients to building a holding structure and preparing the mixture. This person or team oversees the delivery and unloading of goods to ensure that they are done properly. Nowadays, most of the concrete in the United States comes from manufacturers working abroad, usually with branches and plants within the provinces. Contributions can range from pre-mixed concrete to basic ingredients, the consumer company then mixes it. Many American-based concrete companies, however, offer concrete products, such as ballads, bricks, countertop, concrete pipe, and building products, as well as concrete construction and installation materials. This article covers both types of suppliers for this set of building materials.

Question

A concrete mix includes the following ingredients per cubic meter:
Cement=D400 kg
Water=184 kg
No admixture
Table below shows possible alternatives mix ingredients. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the
table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as
increase, decrease or approximately the same.
What will happen?
Cement
Water
Admixture
(kg)
Ultimate compressive
strength
(kg)
Workability
400
225
None
449
184
None
Water
400
184
Reducer
Water
400
128
Reducer
Super
400
184
Plasticizer
184
Air Entrainer
400
400
184
Accelerator

== =S E- v H.
I Normal
1 No Spac. Heading 1
Heading 2 -
ARiday 26
Dictate
Editor
Open
Grammarly
A Select v
Paragraph
Styles
Editing
Voice
Editor
Grammarly
25
2 Students prepared three mortar mixes in materials lab with water to cement ratios of 0.50, 0.55
and 0.60. Three 50mm mortar cubes were prepared for each mix. The cubes were tested for 7
days compressive strength. The test results are shown in table below:
Compressive
Strength (MPa)
Average Compressive
Strength
(MPa)
Maximum Load
Mix No.
W/C Ratio
Cube No.
(kN)
1
0.50
1
75.4
2
76.1
3
77.8
2
0.55
1
70.9
2
70.7
68.8
1
62.5
3
0.60
2
65.8
3
67.6

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Question 3
Concrete is required for a column that will be Severe Exposure to freezing and thawing. The cross section of the column is 300 × 300 mm. The smallest spacing between reinforcing steel is 40 mm. The specified compressive strength of concrete at 28 days is 40 MPa with a slump of 25 to 50 mm. The properties of materials are as follows: (a) Cement used is type I Portland cement with a specific gravity of 3.10. (b) The available coarse aggregate has a maximum size of 23 mm, a dry-rodded unit weight of 1800 kg/m3, a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.68, absorption capacity of 0.65%, and moisture content (SSD) of 0.27%. (c) The fine aggregate has a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.75, absorption capacity of 1.5%, a moisture content (SSD) of 2.5%, and a fineness modulus of 2.7,The aggregates conform to the ASTM C33-84 requirements for grading.
The recommended dosage on a viscosity modifying admixture is 5 fl oz/cwt. The proportions of the concrete mix by weight were; Coarse aggregate = 1800 lb Fine aggregate = 1120 lb Cement = 480 lb Fly ash = 140 lb water = 280 lb What dosage of admixture should be added?
To evaluate the effect of a certain admixture on the flexure strength of concrete, two mixes were prepared, one without admixture and one with admixture.Three beams were prepared of each mix. All the beams had a cross section of 4 in. * 4 in. and a span of 12 in. The third-point loading flexure strength test was performed on each beam after 7 days of curing. The loads at failure of the beams without admixture were 6044, 5071, and 5934 lb, while the loads at failure of beams with admixture were 7299, 7305, and 6983. Determine:a. The modulus of rupture of each beam in psi.b. The average moduli of rupture of the beams without and with admixture.c. The percent of increase of the average modulus of rupture due to adding the admixture.
Three standard mortar cubes were made using nonpotable water available at the job site, and three others were made using potable water. The cubes were tested for compressive strength after seven days of curing and produced the following failure loads in kilograms:Based on these results only, would you accept that water for mixing concrete according to ASTM standards? Why?
Design a concrete mix for the following performances and ingredients:• Compressive strength at 28 days = 35MPa, slump 85 mm• Crushed coarse aggregate of size 14 mm readily available• Fine aggregate is washed coarse sand, fineness modulus = 2.5• Specific gravity of combined aggregate =2.6• Water absorption of fine aggregate = 5%• Water absorption of coarse aggregate = 3%• Air-dry moisture content of coarse aggregate = 6%• Air-dry moisture content of fine aggregate = 2%
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Design the concrete mix according to the following conditions: Design environment Tennis court, subjected to freezing Required design strength =21 MPa Slab thickness=300 mm Statistical data indicate a standard deviation of compressive strength of 3.7 MPa is expected (for 50 samples) Only air entrainer is allowed Available materials: Air=7% Air entertainer: Manufacturer specification is 9.0 ML /1% air/100kg cement Slump=50 mm Coarse aggregate: 50 mm nominal maximum size, crushed stone Bulk volume oven-dry specific gravity=2.61, absorption=2.8%, oven-dry rodded density=1870 kg/m3 Moisture content=1% Fine aggregate: Natural sand Bulk oven-dry specific gravity=2.54, absorption=3.4% Moisture content= 4.5% Fineness modulus=2.60 Cement: Type I, relative density=3.1
A sieve analysis test was performed on a sample of coarse aggregate and produced the following results. Referring to ASTM C33, what is the closest size number, and does it meet the gradation for that standard size?
Question 4
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One cubic yard of fresh concrete mix includes 1900 lbs coarse and 1150 lbs fine aggregates. Water-cement ratio (W/C) for the mix is 0.5. mix? Given information: Concrete weight = 150 pcf Weight of standard cement bags = 94 lbs Water weight = 8.34 pounds per gallon Approximately how many gallons of water should be added to each cubic yard of this 20 gallons 30 gallons 40 gallons 50 gallons