A cathodic protection system is to be designed for a 600 m long and 110 mm diameter buried pipeline coated with fusion bonded epoxy (FBE). The current density required for FBE coated structures is 0.18 mA/m^2. It is required to use horizontal anodes 8 ft. below the ground with 15 ft. spacing. The anode material available is high silicon-cast iron with a consumption rate of 0.5 kg/A-yr. The diameter and length of anodes are 30 cm and 300 cm respeqtively. The weight of each anode is 50 kg. Anode to soil resistance is measured to be 0.24 ohm. The soil resistivity is 2,500 ohm-cm. It is aimed to protect the structure for a period of 22 years. In order to design this CP system, determine, (a) Current required (A) (b) Total number of anodes (c) Total resistance
Analysis of Diode
It is a semiconductor device in electronics applications where only a one-way current is required. It is like a one-way switch that allows current to flow in one direction only. A diode has two terminals, a cathode, and an anode. The cathode is the negative terminal that carries electrons, while the anode is the positive terminal that carries holes. Although no element has holes, it just means that there is a free space for electrons. Diodes are used to convert AC to DC. As we know, AC shifts between positive and negative cycles and DC stays positive constantly. As the diodes allow current only in one direction, they filter out the AC signal’s negative cycle and only keep the positive one.
Working and Construction
In civil engineering, construction means the application of principles of science and mathematics for building bridges, dams, buildings, roads, highways, tunnels, airports, structures, etc. Different branches of science, like physics and chemistry, are extensively applied to design and analysis in construction. Material properties, the science of atmospheric conditions (like solutions, mixtures, etc.), the impact of environmental factors like, corrosion and acidity are some of the primary knowledge of chemistry which are used by civil engineers to carry out construction. Estimation of forces, application of laws of mechanics, fluids mechanics, soil mechanics, etc. are some of the fundamental concepts of physics, which are well applied in construction works. Building construction and structural engineering are two of the most primary areas in civil engineering that parallelly applies principles of both chemistry and physics to carry on construction works.
Property of Diode
An electronic component that facilitates the directional flow of current is known as a diode. According to the direction of the flow of current, the resistance of a diode changes from zero to Infinity.
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