A botanist is studying the phylogenetic relationships of plants using only their their morphological traits. Would specialized plants (like desertor rainforest plants) complicate this process, why or why not?Select all that applySelect all that apply:O a. Yes; they often appear similar but are not closely related to eachothercross outb. Yes; their traits are simnilar to plants across many environmentscross outOc. No; their traits are shared by a common ancestorcross outd. Yes; they gained different traits than their close relativesbecause of their environmentcross out There's a healthy community with a food chain of grass --> grasshopper--> frog --> snake -causes the frogs to become extirpated (die out in the community).--> hawk. The spread of a fungal diseaseAfter frogs become extirpated, the grasshopper population crashes (decreases substantially). Why?Select one:a. Their population grows and diminishes their food sourcecross outb. There are now more snakes to prey on themcross outcross out. Sparrows replace frogs in the communitycross outd. Hawks must diversify their diet to include grasshoppers

Desert receives more rainfall or partial rainfall as a result the leaves are reduced to Pines…

A botanist is studying the phylogenetic relationships of plants using only their their morphological traits. Would specialized plants (like desert or rainforest plants) complicate this process, why or why not? Select all that apply Select all that apply: O a. Yes; they often appear similar but are not closely related to each cross out other O b. Yes; their traits are similar to plants across many environments cross out O C. No; their traits are shared by a common ancestor cross out cross out d. Yes; they gained different traits than their close relatives because of their environment

A botanist is studying the phylogenetic relationships of plants using only their their morphological traits. Would specialized plants (like desert or rainforest plants) complicate this process, why or why not? Select all that apply Select all that apply: O a. Yes; they often appear similar but are not closely related to each cross out other O b. Yes; their traits are similar to plants across many environments cross out O C. No; their traits are shared by a common ancestor cross out cross out d. Yes; they gained different traits than their close relatives because of their environment

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Phylogenetic trees are used to show the evolutionary relationships among various biological species and are usually based upon shared derived characters. In constructing phylogenetic trees, it is useful to first draw up a character table to show the presence or absence of characters among the various groups of organisms being studied. a. Draw up a character table based upon the following shared derived characters of land plants: flowers, seeds, vascular tissues, and dependent embryos. Your character table must include the names/descriptions of the plant groups that are being characterized. b. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on this data.
Which of the phylogenetic trees below represent the same evolutionary relationships? Tree 1 Tree 2 Tree 3 D В D G ·E O Tree 1 and Tree 3 O Tree 1 and Tree 2 O Tree 2 and Tree 3 All three represent the same relationships O No two trees represent the same relationships
Construct a cladogram based on the following data. Mosses are plants with no vascular tissue. Horsetails, ferns, gymnosperms (pines and other plants with naked seeds), and angiosperms (flowering plants) are all vascularplants. Seeds are absent in all but the gymnosperms and angiosperms. Angiosperms are the only seed plants with flowers
The phylogenetic tree to the right showsthe evolutionary relationships of taxa A –H. The shapes represent character statetrait changes. A. Which traits (shapes) would individualsin taxa D have? Draw the collection oftraits. B. Is the triangle a synapomorphy orpleisomorphy (circle one)? C. Is the circle a synapomorphy orsympleisomorphy (circle one)?
When constructing phylogenetic trees, what is the purpose of applying maximum parsimony? Parsimony allows the researcher to "root" the tree. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious tree requires the maximum evolutionary events. The outgroup roots the tree, allowing the principle of parsimony to be applied. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious is the one that uses the simplest explanation of evolutionary events.
Show a phylogenetic tree that reflects the evolutionary relationships between the following taxa. All of the taxa should be on one (1) tree; var. stands for variety, a subspecific taxon (just as a genus can contain several to many species, a species can include several varieties). Family Fagaceae Quercus rubra var. rubra Red oak Quercus rubra var. borealis northern red oak Quercus velutina Black oak Fagus grandifolia Beech Castanea dentata American chestnut Castanea pumila var. pumila Chinquapin Castanea pumila var. ashei Coastal chinquapin Family Betulaceae Betula nigra River birch Betula papyrifera Paper birch Corylus cornuta Beaked hazel-nut Corylus americana American hazel-nut asap please
Explain how polyploidy in plants can generate new plant species. Be sure to provide molecular detail. What barriers to reproduction cause speciation in this case?
с C C Blue Oak (B) Oregon Oak (0) Valley Oak (V) Coast Live Oak (C) Which character(s) in the data matrix are parsimony informative? B B B Tree 1 X X B 1 A T T T T T B B 2 A A 2, 4, and 6 3 Tree 2 তত ত Use the diagrams below to: Draw the three possible unrooted trees for the four taxa in the data matrix. Map each informative character, correctly showing the changes on each tree. Circle the most parsimonious tree Please draw out your response to questions 2-4 using the template below as a guide, take a picture, and list the correct number of steps and then insert the picture below. G с G 4CCG G с G G SATIG 5 6 G 5559 G B B C X X X G C B Tree 3 X
1. Contrast homology and analogy. Give an example of homoplasy. 2. Discuss adaptation and preadaptation. 3. Compare and contrast divergent, convergent, parallel, and organic evolution. 4. What is a vestigial structure? A rudimentary structure? 5. Describe heterochrony – specifically paedogenesis, neoteny, and paedomorphosis.
On this cladogram, the Kingdom Plantae (plants) is outlined in red. What is the "Charophyte green algae" considered to be relative to the plants? Charophyte green algae Mosses Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms Also a plant The ingroup The outgroup The basal taxon to the Kingdom Plantae The ancestor to the plants Clear my selection *
On this cladogram of the plants, which symbol is located at a node? Charophyte green algae Mosses 呕 $8 Gymnosperms Angiosperms Ferns the banana the barn the beach ball the apple the atom (a nucleus with electrons around it) Clear my selection
Discuss the problems in developing an accurate phylogenetic tree. Do you think it is possible to create a completely accurate universal phylogenetic tree? Explain your answer.